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Beer Hall Putsch
References
'Beer Hall Putsch 2.PNG'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
On November 8-9-1923, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party led a coalition group in an attempted coup d'état which came to be known as the Beer Hall Putsch. They began at the Bürgerbräu Keller in the Bavarian city of Munich, aiming to seize control of the state government, march on Berlin, and overthrow the German federal government. -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
References
'Kellogg-Briand Treaty Ratified ... - Rarenewspapers.Com'. N.p., 1929. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
The Kellogg-Briand Pact was an agreement to outlaw war signed on August 27, 1928. Sometimes called the Pact of Paris for the city in which it was signed, the pact was one of many international efforts to prevent another World War, but it had little effect in stopping the rising militarism of the 1930s or preventing World War II. -
U.S. Stock Market Crash
Reverences
N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
On October 29, 1929, Black Tuesday hit Wall Street as investors traded some 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day. Billions of dollars were lost, wiping out thousands of investors. In the aftermath of Black Tuesday, America and the rest of the industrialized world spiraled downward into the Great Depression -
Japan Invades Manchuria
[More Info](http://<a href='www.historylearningsite.com).' >More Info</a>
References
N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
Manchuria, on China’s eastern seaboard, was attacked by Japan in 1931, the Leauge Of Nations didnt do anything about it, they didnt think a war would result -
Hitler becomes Germany's Chancellor
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Reference
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
On this day in 1933, President Paul von Hindenburg names Adolf Hitler, leader or fÜhrer of the National Socialist German Workers. in july 1932, the Nazis won 230 governmental seats; together with the Communists, the next largest party, they made up over half of the Reichstag. -
Mussolini takes over Italy's Government
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References
<a href='http://>More info</a><a N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
mussolinis road to a dictatorship took longer than Hitlers in 1933. January 30th 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor, after the Enabling Act, Hitler could only be seen as the dictator of Nazi Germany regardless of Hindenburg's presidency. -
Nazi's reach a political majority in Germany
More Info
Reverence
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
Nazi Germany under the leadership of Hitler became a dictatorship A dictatorship requires one person and one party to be in control of a nation and a climate of fear, this was provided by Himmler's SS. -
Japan Withdraws from the League of Nations
Mopre Info
Reverence
Imperial War Museums,. 'How Europe Went To War In 1939'. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
The Japanese delegation, defying world opinion, withdrew from the League of Nations Assembly after the assembly had adopted a report blaming Japan for events in Manchuria. -
First Anti-Semitic Law is passed in Germany
Reverences
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
Antisemitism and the persecution of Jews represented a central tenet of Nazi ideology. In their 25-point Party Program, published in 1920, Nazi party members publicly declared their intention to segregate Jews from "Aryan" society and to abrogate Jews' political cilvil rights -
The night of the long knives (Rohm Purge)
Reverences
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
The four million brown shirted Nazi storm troopers, the SA, included many members who actually believed in the 'socialism' of National Socialism and also wanted to become a true revolutionary army in place of the regular German Army. -
Hitler openly announces to his cabinet he will defy the Treaty of Versailles
More info </a>Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
Hitler departed his mountain retreat and returned to Berlin. He immediately convened a Cabinet meeting and also assembled members of the Army's General Staff. He then announced a major decision he had just come to. Germany would openly defy the military limitations set by the Treaty. -
Creation of the Nuremberg Laws
References
more info Nuremberg Laws On Citizenship And Race. Image, 2015. http://www.linkuva.com/laws.htm.
the Nazi government passed two new racial laws at their annual NSDAP Reich Party Congress in Nuremberg, Germany. These two laws (the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law to Protect German Blood and Honor) became collectively known as the Nuremberg Laws. -
Italy invades Ethiopia
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Reverences
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
the League of Nations was faced with another crucial test. Benito Mussolini, the Fascist leader of Italy, had adopted Adolf Hitler's plans to expand German territories by acquiring all territories it considered German. Mussolini followed this policy when he invaded Abyssinia -
Hitler Militarizes the Rhineland
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Reverences
Life According to Maggie,. 'Hitler: The Treaty Transgressor'. N.p., 2013. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
Adolf Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact by sending German military forces into the Rhineland, a demilitarized zone along the Rhine River in western Germany. -
The Japanese War Crime Trial
More Info
References
falk, Richard. The International Military Tribunal For The Far East In Session. Image, 2015. http://www.japanfocus.org/-Richard-Falk/3245.
In Tokyo, Japan, the International Military Tribunals for the Far East begins hearing the case against 28 Japanese military and government officials accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity during World War II. -
Rape of Nanking
More Info
References
Rape Of Nanking. Image, 2015.
http://www.thecommonsenseshow.com/2014/01/18/the-rape-of-nanking-will-soon-become-the-rape-of-america/.
the Japanese occupied the Chinese province of Manchuria transforming it into a Japanese puppet state. It was the first step in Japan's drive to control all of China. Six years would elapse before the Japanese took the next step in their plan of conquest. -
Germany Annexes Austria
More Info
Reverences
Gloupe.com,. 'Germany's Annexation Of Austria (Anschluss)'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
In early 1938, Austrian Nazis conspired for the second time in four years to seize the Austrian government by force and unite their nation with Nazi Germany. -
Munich Conference
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Reverences
Richard Cavendish,. The Munich Conference. 2015. Web. 14 Feb. 2015.
Germany, the United Kingdom, France and Italy, taking into consideration the agreement, which has been already reached in principle for the cession to Germany of the Sudeten German territory, have agreed on the following terms and conditions governing the said cession and the measures consequent thereon, and by this agreement they each hold themselves responsible for the steps necessary to secure its fulfilment -
Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia
References
Reverence
Holman, Brett, and Brett Holman. 'Tuesday, 27 September 1938 | Airminded'. Airminded.org. N.p., 2008. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
A crisis in Czechoslovakia threw Europe into turmoil in 1938.
Czechoslovakia had been created in 1919. The new nation was created out of the old Austro-Hungarian Empire and it contained numerous nationalities :
3,200,000 Germans 7,450,000 Czechs 2,300,000 Slovaks 720,000 Magyars 560,000 Ruthenes 100,000 Poles -
Kristallnacht
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015. -
Nazi invasion of Poland
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References
Invasion Of Poland. Image, 2015. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005070.
One of Adolf Hitler's first major foreign policy initiatives after coming to power was to sign a nonaggression pact with Poland in January 1934. This move was not popular with many Germans who supported Hitler but resented the fact that Poland had received the former German provinces of West Prussia, Poznan, and Upper Silesia under the Treaty of Versailles after World War I. -
Einstein’s letter to FDR, “The Manhattan Project”
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References
Einstein To Roosevelt, August 2, 1939. Image, 2015. http://www.dannen.com/ae-fdr.html.
In the summer of 1939, six months after the discovery of uranium fission, American newspapers and magazines openly discussed the prospect of atomic energy. However, most American physicists doubted that atomic energy or atomic bombs were realistic possibilities. No official U.S. atomic energy project existed.
Leo Szilard was profoundly disturbed by the lack of American action. -
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
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Reverences
Http://Www.Nationalmuseum.Af.Mil/Factsheets/Factsheet.Asp?Id=3667. Image, 2015. http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3667.
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, German-Soviet Treaty of Nonaggression, Hitler-Stalin Pact, Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, (August 23, 1939), nonaggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union that was concluded only a few days before the beginning of World War II and which divided eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence. -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
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Reference
Rania. Image, 2015. http://www.rania.co.uk/dunkirk/html/history.htm.
As German forces continued their advance into France, General Viscount Gort, Commander of the British Expeditionary Force in France, could see that the German invaders were getting the upper hand. The French Army was in disarray while his own forces were fighting desperately. The French called upon Gort to move his troops south to join them in a defensive stand. The British commander realized the action was futile. -
Battle of Britain
More Info
Reverences
Winston S Churchill,. Introduction To The Phases Of The Battle Of Britain. Image, 2015.
German and British air forces clashed in the skies over the United Kingdom, locked in the largest sustained bombing campaign to that date. -
France Surrenders
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References
France Surrenders To Germany. Image, 2015. http://www.fold3.com/document/35812094/.
With Paris fallen and the German conquest of France reaching its conclusion, Marshal Henri Petain replaces Paul Reynaud as prime minister and announces his intention to sign an armistice with the Nazis. The next day, French General Charles de Gaulle, not very well known even to the French, made a broadcast to France from England, urging his countrymen to continue the fight against Germany. -
The tripartite Pact
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Reverences
Life According to Maggie,. 'Hitler: The Treaty Transgressor'. N.p., 2013. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
The governments of Germany, Italy and Japan, considering it as a condition precedent of any lasting peace that all nations of the world be given each its own proper place, have decided to stand by and co-operate with one another in regard to their efforts in greater East Asia and regions of Europe respectively wherein it is their prime purpose to establish and maintain a new order of things. -
Lend Lease Act
More InfoReverence
Cline, Austin. 'Today In History: 19 September 1931: Japan Invades Manchuria, Will Occupy Region Until End Of WW II'. Skepticism - Skeptical Notes on Politics, Culture, Religion. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
the Lend-Lease Act was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. It authorized the president to transfer arms or any other defense materials for which Congress appropriated money to “the government of any country whose defense the -
Operation Barbarossa
More Info
Reverences
Life According to Maggie,. 'Hitler: The Treaty Transgressor'. N.p., 2013. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
Hitler launched his armies eastward in a massive invasion of the Soviet Union. Three great army groups with over three million German soldiers, 150 divisions, and three thousand tanks smashed across the frontier into Soviet territory. -
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
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References
Pearl Harbor. Image, 2015. http://hereandnow.wbur.org/2012/12/07/remembering-pearl-harbor.
The attack on Pearl Harbor [nb 4] was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor -
Battle of Midway
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References
Battle Of Miday. Image, 2015. http://superhypeblog.com/marketing/smart-data-business-lessons-from-the-battle-of-midway.
Six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States defeated Japan in one of the most decisive naval battles of World War II. Thanks in part to major advances in code breaking, the United States was able to preempt and counter Japan’s planned ambush of its few remaining aircraft carriers, inflicting permanent damage on the Japanese Navy. -
Creation of the United Nations
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References
United Nations Monetary And Financial Conference. Image, 2015. http://www.unmultimedia.org/s/photo/detail/973/0097323.html.
On January 1, 1942, representatives of 26 nations at war with the Axis powers met in Washington to sign the Declaration of the United Nations endorsing the Atlantic Charter, pledging to use their full resources against the Axis and agreeing not to make a separate peace. -
The Wannsee Conference and the “Final Solution
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References
Hollicost. Image, 2015. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005477.
Nazi Party and German government officials gathered at a villa in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee to discuss and coordinate the implementation "Final Solution of the Jewish Question." Representing the SS at the meeting were: SS General Reinhard Heydrich, the chief of the Reich Security Main Office. -
Bataan Death March
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References
Http://Www.Nationalmuseum.Af.Mil/Factsheets/Factsheet.Asp?Id=3667. Image, 2015. http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3667.
After the April 9, 1942, U.S. surrender of the Bataan Peninsula on the main Philippine island of Luzon to the Japanese during World War II -
Doolittle Raid
More Info
Reference
Nationalmuseum.af.mil,. 'Factsheets : Doolittle Raid'. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Feb. 2015.
The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII.The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. -
Battle of Stalingrad
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References
Battle Of Stalingrad. Image, 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/562720/Battle-of-Stalingrad.
The Battle of Stalingrad (July 17, 1942-Feb. 2, 1943), was the successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad in the U.S.S.R. during World War II. Russians consider it to be the greatest battle of their Great Patriotic War, and most historians consider it to be the greatest battle of the entire conflict. -
Operation Torch
References
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/operation_torch.htm
Operation Torch was the name given to the Allied invasion of French North Africa. Operation Torch was the first time the British and Americans had jointly worked on an invasion plan together. -
Island Hopping
More InfoReferences
Island Hopping. Image, 2015. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Battle_of_Guadalcanal.
“Island Hopping” is the phrase given to the strategy employed by the United States to gain military bases and secure the many small islands in the Pacific. The attack was lead by General Douglas MacArthur, Commander of the Allied forces in the South west Pacific, and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander-in-chief of the Pacific fleet. The US troops targeted the islands that were not as strong -
Operation Overlord and D-Day
More Info
References
'Pictures Of D-Day, Operation Overlord'. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015.
Allied invasion of France scheduled for June 1944 the overall commander was General Dwight Eisehower required the logistical issues that no army had ever had to cope with before and the plan was for the Allies to have landed a big amount of both men and equipment by the end of D-Day itself. -
Operation Valkyrie
References
Operation Valkrie. Image, 2015. https://www.beyondbandofbrothers.com/operationvalkyrie/.
At the end of 1943 the Schutz Staffeinel (SS) and the Gestapo managed to arrest several Germans involved in plotting to overthrow Adolf Hitler. This included Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Klaus Bonhoeffer, Josef Mueller and Hans Dohnanyi. Others under suspicion like Wilhelm Canaris and Hans Oster were dismissed from office in January, 1944. -
Discovery of Majdanek
References
Majdanek. Image, 2015. http://www.scrapbookpages.com/Poland/Majdanek/Liberation.html.
the Soviet army marched near Lublin in Poland as their campaign westward continued. They came across the abandoned Majdanek concentration camp, whose prisoners already had been herded off on a death march away from the advancing Soviet troops. Majdanek was burned in attempt to mask its presence as the Germans retreated from the region but the remains of gas chambers were evident. -
Battle of the Bulge
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References
Our Battle. Image, 2015. http://patriotaction.net/forum/topics/our-battle-of-the-bulge.
Hitler attempted to split the Allied armies in northwest Europe by means of a surprise blitzkrieg thrust through the Ardennes to Antwerp. Caught off-guard, American units fought desperate battles to stem the German advance at St.-Vith, Elsenborn Ridge, Houffalize and Bastogne. -
Hitler’s Suicide
References
http://www.hangoverguide.com/factbook/hitler.html.
Der Fuhrer, Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany, burrowed away in a refurbished air-raid shelter, consumes a cyanide capsule, then shoots himself with a pistol, on this day in 1945, as his “1,000-year” Reich collapses above him. -
V-E Day
More Inforeferences
Vday. Image, 2015. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/events/ve_day.
V Day was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 (7 May in Commonwealth realms) to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces. -
V-J Day
References
Jvday. Image, 2015. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-10955862.
Victory over Japan Day is a name chosen for the day on which Japan surrendered, in effect ending World War II, and subsequent anniversaries of that event. -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
References
Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki. Image, 2015. http://www.atomcentral.com/hiroshima-nagasaki.aspx.
an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The explosion wiped out 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people; tens of thousands more would later die of radiation exposure. Three days later, a second B-29 dropped another A-bomb on Nagasaki, killing an estimated 40,000 people. -
The Nuremberg Trials
References
Numemberg Trials. Image, 2015. http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/php/docs_swi.php?DI=1&text=overview.
the Nuremberg trials were a series of 13 trials carried out in Nuremberg, Germany, between 1945 and 1949. The defendants, who included Nazi Party officials and high-ranking military officers along with German industrialists, lawyers and doctors, were indicted on such charges as crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. -
The beginning of the Cold War
Reverences
(truman doctrine speech)
Life According to Maggie,. 'Hitler: The Treaty Transgressor'. N.p., 2013. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
The Cold War was the geopolitical, ideological, and economic struggle between two world superpowers, the USA and the USSR, that started in 1947 at the end of the Second World War and lasted until the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 26, 1991.
