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Formation of Allies and Axis
Allies were known as Britain, France, and the commonwealth counties such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The alliance of them were the Axis, which were Germany, Italy, and Japan who joined the Axis at 1940. While these troops were being stationed along Frances border, nothing really happened and this made people consider this war as the Phony War. -
Evacuation at Dunkirk
On the French port of Dunkirk, German panzers had reached the English Channel and then surrounded Allied forces. This was bad if the Allied troops surrendered because Britain would lose majority of their army. In this case, they had to escape before the Germans took over the town. The escape was dramatic since the navy had to get all the boats that could get through the English Channel. -
North-African Campaign
The Axis began a three year campaign (Desert War) in North Africa to control valuable resources. Italy wanted to aim to increase its territories in Africa. -
Completion of Dunkirk
About 340 000 Allied soliders were brought in Britain, safetly, and this day was seen as a miracle since people believed that it would be disastrous. However after the evacuation, Germany continued to wipe out the rest of France, which then eventually France surrendered. Leaving Britian and the commonwealth countries alone against Germany. -
Battle of Britain
France fell and Hitler launched Operation Sea Lion, which was a plan to invade Britain. To achieve that goal, they would have to defeat the Royal Air Force. The Luftwaffe began a large bombing campaign which was desired to destroy the harbours and shipping facilities focussing on Southern England. Germany unfortunately could not defeat RAF, even if they had more aircraft. -
Operation Barbarossa
Once Germany lost in the Battle of Britain, Hitler launched Operation Barbarossa. His plan was take the land of Soviet Union because he saw them as a source of raw materials, agriculuture, and labour. The Soviet Union was unprepared which allowed Germany to attack deep in the Russian territory. Germany could not stand the harsh winters, just like Napolean. -
Dieppe Raid
The Dieppe Raid, known as Operation Jubilee, was a fail. The plan was to test out the techniques and equipment. The second Canadian Division was to attack along the coast. It was a tragic dur to the Canadian soliders shipped meeting up with a small German convoy. Tanks were ineffective and so was the communication between soliders on land and on the ships. -
The Italian Campaign
Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister, decided that the Allies needed to recapture Europe through the soft side, which were Italy and Sicily. It is possible since the victory of North Africa coming from the south. These included the Battle of Sicily and the Battle of Ortona. -
D-Day: The Normandy Invasion
Allies launched an invasion of Europe called Operation Overlord. They launched their troops on 5 different beaches. Code names were: Sword, Juno, Gold, Ohama, and Utah. In Juno beach, Canadian troops pushed the germans the furthest out of the other 4 beaches. This invasion was successful. The weather also helped the Allies, since the Germans had poor coordination. -
Juno Beach
14 000 Canadian soliders were shipped onto Juno Beach and their objective was to go passed the German defences: concrete barriers, barbed wire, and land mines. This was to take the beach. Many soliders became casualties, however they were successful for making 9 kilometers. -
Liberating the Netherlands
Liberating the Netherlands was a difficult task given for the Canadians. German troops destroyed the port cities of Amsterdam and Rotterdam. This also caused flooding. Food supplies and fuel sources were cut off, making people starve to death, especially during the harsh cold winters. -
Battle of the Scheldt
The battle of Scheldt was a 11 month campaign, which was very tiring. The Canadians had to clear enemy troops from the Scheldt River. This was a very important river since it connected two places, Antwerp and the North Sea. -
Battle of the Rhineland
The fighting between the Canadians and Germans were real slow since they struggled to fight in mud and flooded fields. Many were killed or taken as prisoners. Germany withdrew to the east bank of Rhine River, which the Canadians then proceeded to North to liberate Holland. -
Japan surrenders, War Ends
During the mid-1945, after the war in the pacific intensified, the Japanese air force and navy had been wiped out however the army was still stronger.
