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Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes's (1588-1679), a political philosopher, published Leviathan in 1651. In the Leviathan, Hobbes argues, "Absolutism alone could prevent society from lapsing into a state of nature". -
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Writing European History: From the Perspective of Philosophers, Prolific writers, Laws and Treaties
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Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
IIsaac Newton (1642- 1727), published Newton's Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy on the 5th of July in 1687, the first synthesis of scientific principles. The Scientific Revolution would ultimately help call absolutism into doubt by influencing the philosophes, the thinkers and writers of the 18th century Enlightenment. -
David Hume's essay “Of National Characters”
In an essay entitled, “Of National Characters”‚ written in 1742, David Hume a Scottish philosopher wrote: “I am opt to suspect that Negroes and in general all the other species of men‚ to be naturally inferior to the whites. One of the reasons that drive the process of colonization is the belief that the Europeans were intrinsically superior to the so-called others. -
Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen
Olympe de Gouges (1748-1793) book “The Right of Women”‚ was published in France in 1791. It detailed the notion of equal rights that Mary Wollstonecraft would take up the next year in Britain with the publication of her Vindication of the Rights of Women. -
The 1833 Factory Act in Britain
The 1833 Factory Act in Britain banned work by children less than nine years of age and limited labor by older children eight hours (subsequent legislation in 1847 limited older children and women to a ten-hour day). This was a reaction geared towards the negative effects of The Industrial Revolution. . -
The Versailles Peace Treaty
The new Germany Republic signed the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919. The Versailles Peace Treaty marked the end of a costly war, possibly the bloodiest war in European history.
