-
Period: to
World War II
-
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
Long before the start of World War II, there were various conflicts occurred in Asia. Japan wanted a large portion of the resources China had. For example, raw materials and luxury goods. Since Japan ruled over a large portion of China, many wars and crimes would break out. Due to Japan's aggression, the U.S criticized them for their behavior and created economic and military punishments. -
Second Sino-Japanese War
A major war between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan, as well as the Second Sino-Japanese War, was fought between these two nations. Conflicts began to arise after nationalism became popular in China. China had the goal of getting rid of imperialism, but the people revolted against the government. In the end, it made it easier for Japan to invade and take control of China and its resources. The Second Sino-Japanese War ended on September 9, 1945. -
Munich Conference
The German, Italian, British, and French governments signed an agreement on September 29th and 30th requiring Czechoslovakia to surrender its border regions and defenses regardless of the circumstances. During the period October 1st through October 10th, 1938, these regions were fully occupied by German troops. To create an agreement, Hitler had to abide by the three Powers' arbitration. The Munich Agreement became appeasing to the expansionist totalitarian states. -
"Women in the war"
During the year 1939, a wave of reluctance occurred. The U.S needed anyone they could find in the war against Japan, including women. However, the "Axis powers" were closeminded with employing women in the war. The job women had was they should be good wives and mothers and have more children. As a result of America recruiting women to fight in the war, nearly 350,00 American women served in the war and still had a job at home. -
Invasion of Poland
On September 1, 1939, German forces invaded Poland by land and air. The reason Germany invaded Poland was that they needed to regain their lost territory to also wanted to have power over their neighboring country. The "blitzkrieg" strategy was an approach of excessive bombing early in the war. He did this to destroy their air capacity, railroads, communication lines, and munitions dumps. After Hitler gained power, he tried to destroy any resistance against what the Nazis believed. -
Local Resistance Movements
The Local Resistance Movements started from secrets and groups that sprang up throughout Germany. These groups were called the "clandestine," and they included civilians. The main goal of this group was to assist the Jews in a great escape from the Nazis and the concentration camps.
Later on, groups of people in Germany decided they wanted to join as well. As a result, a movement with the Germans and two major movements with the Greeks. The Local Resistance Movements soon ended on May 8, 1945. -
Battle of Moscow
The Battle of Moscow went into effect on October 2, 1941, as a defense against the Soviets. Hitler created a plan using the blitzkrieg invasion plan, but this called for Moscow to be captured within four months. However, their advances were postponed due to the Battle of Smolensk. By October 2, 1941, the Axis had resumed their advance. In the event that they renewed their advances, they needed a name to call them; this was "Operation Typhoon." -
Pearl Harbor
On December 7, 1941, hundreds of Japanese planes descended on the base. They ended up destroying and damaging 20 American naval vessels, eight battleships, and over 300 airplanes. Due to the attack, 2,400 Americans died. This also included civilians, and 100 people were wounded. The main reason Japan attacked Pearl Harbor was that they believed if they expanded their power to another country, it would fix the economic and demographic issues they were facing. -
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign that happened between Russian forces, Nazi Germany, and the Axis power. Russia was able to slow down German advances during a series of brutal fights north of Stalingrad. Russia was already two steps ahead of Hitler's plans. These attacks ranged from late August to the end of the battle. Due to these attacks, many civilians were killed. -
Battle of El Alamein
During World War II, there were two Battles of El-Alamein. The first one ended in a stalemate, and the second one, on the other hand, was decisive. The second Battle of El-Alamein marked the end of the Axis in North Africa. Soon after the British inflicted severe defeats on Italian forces in North Africa, Erwin Rommel, the german general, was chosen to be commander of Axis forces that occurred in Libya. -
The Casablanca Conference
The Casablanca Conference was held between President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill from January 14 to 24, 1943. During the meeting, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin was also invited to the meeting but was unable to attend due to the war between the Red Army and the German Army. The meeting discussed the finalization of the Allied powers, how to create them in a strategic way to counter the Axis power, and how to implement the unconditional surrender policy. -
D-Day (Normandy Invasion)
On June 6, 1944, The D-Day operation brought together the land, air, and sea forces of allied armies. After a while, the operation was given the codename "OVERLORD" so people would not catch on. "OVERLORD" sent five naval assault divisions to the beaches of Normandy, France. This invasion included 7,000 ships and landing craft with 195,000 naval personnel from eight allied countries. Later on June 30th, over 850,000 men, 148,000 vehicles, and 570,000 tons of supplies landed on Normandy shores. -
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki started on August 6, 1945, when an American B-29 bomber dropped the world's first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. Three days later, the second bomb dropped, but this time, in Nagasaki. Due to the vast amount of people that were killed, Japan decided they would surrender in the war. Many homes and infrastructures were wiped out.