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- Series of violent attacks on Jews by paramilitary forces and non-Jewish citizens.
- 'Kristallnacht' refers to the broken glas that littered the streets after Jewish-owned businesses had their windows smashed.
- German authorities did not intervene.
- The riots began after Herschel Grynszpan shot diplomat Ernest vom Rath in protest of Jews being expelled from Germany.
- Jews in concentration camps were killed by the other prisoners.
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- Germany signed a nonaggression pact with Poland to avoid a French-Polish union.
- The German people did not support the pact.
- The German-Soviet Pact allowed Germany to attack Poland without fear of Soviet interaction.
- Warsaw surrendered on September 27.
- Britain and France declared war on Germany.
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- Successful German invasion of France.
- The battle consisted of Case Red and Case Yellow.
- German military forces overwhelmed the French.
- An armistice between France and Germany was signed on June 22.
- Germany got the north and west parts of France.
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- First major campaign to be fought entirely by air forces.
- The Germans wanted to gain air superiority.
- Coastal shipping convoys were the main targets.
- The name is derived from a pre-war speech by Winston Churchill.
- Eventually, Luftwaffe moved to bombing factories and politically significant areas.
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- Surprise military attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy
- The attack led to the US entry into World War II.
- Eight US warships were damaged, four sunk.
- 353 Japanese fighter planes, bombers, and torpedo planes were launched from aircraft carriers.
- 2,403 Americans were killed.
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- Nazi Germany vs the Soviet Union for control of Stalingrad.
- Largest and bloodiest battle in the history of warfare.
- Hitler directed the summer attacks to the southern parts of the Soviet Union.
- Stalin expected the German attacks to be directed to Mosow.
- Hitler planned to kill all male civilians and deport all women and children after Stalingrad had been captured.
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- The Allies take Sicily from Italy and Nazi Germany.
- It was an operation that worked in the air and on the ocean.
- Benito Mussolini was pushed from power in Italy.
- The land forces were from American, British, and Canadian forces.
- The battle ended on August 17.
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- American, British, and Canandian forces land on five beaches along France's Normandy coast.
- One of the largest military invasions.
- By spring, the Allies had defeated the Germans.
- Beginning of the end of war in Europe.
- More than 4,000 Allied troops lost their lives.
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- Auschwitz was built to hold Polish political prisoners.
- It was run by the Third Reich.
- When Soviet troops started marching towards Auschwitz, prisoners were evacuated and sent on a death march.
- Remaining prisoners were freed.
- Survivors wrote memoirs of their time at the camp.
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- US becomes the first and only nation to use atomic bombs during wartime.
- Albert Einstein warned the US that Germany was conducting research into atomic bombs.
- Germany had already be defeated by the time the US had conducted the first successful test.
- The blast killed more than 80,000 people.
- Japan surrendered a few days later.
