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Benito Mussolini's fascist government in Italy
He established the Fascist. Fascism stressed nationalism and placed interests of state above individuals. Fascists argued power must rest in a single leader with small group of party members. -
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
Nationalistic military leaders were trying to take control of the imperial gov't of Japan. Within several months, Japan troops controlled the entire province that was natural in resources. Its success of the invasion put the militarists firmly in control of Japan's gov't. -
Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany
Hitler was a jobless soldier joined a struggling group called National Socialist German Workers' party (Nazi party). He was a powerful public speaker and became leader. Enforced blue eyed blonds. The great depression caused Germany's army to struggle and people turned to Hitler. Nazis had become the strongest political party in Germany by mid 1932 and hitler was appointed prime minister. Hitler dismantled Germany's democratic Weimar Republic and established the third German Empire -
Storm Troopers
During the great depression, war debts caused germany's economy to weaken and many Germans were unemployed. Many men then joined Hitler's Private army, the storm troopers (Brown Shirts) -
Third Reich
When Hitler was in power, he dismantled Germany's democratic Weimar Republic and established the Third Reich or Third German Empire. This would be a "thousand year reich"- lasting for a thousand years according to Hitler. -
Hitler's Military Buildup in Germany
began buildup in violation of Treaty of Versailles. A year later, he sent troops into Rhineland, a german region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. No action was taken to stop Hitler. -
Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia
Wanted to build first empire in Ethiopia (Africa's remaining countries). Thousands of Italian soldiers stood ready to invade. May 1936, Ethiopia had fallen. Haile Selassie, ethiopian emperor appealed for assistance but there was no repsonse. -
Hitler invades the Rhineland
a year after he began a military buildup violating the Treaty of Versailles, he sent troops into Rhineland, a German region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized
as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. -
Francisco Franco
leader of a group of spanish army officers rebelled against spanish republic. Revolt broke out causing the Spanish civil war to begin. War resulted in alliance: Rome Berlin Axis. Victorious in 1939 and became Spain's fascist dictator. > >Totalitarian govt. -
Munich agreement
France and Great Britain promised to protect Czechoslovakia. Hitler invited French premier and prime minister to meet in Munich. Agreement turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired -
Hitler's Anschluss
German troops marched into Austria unopposed. A day later germany announced its Anschluss or "union" with Austria complete. The world did nothing -
Nonaggression pact
tension rose over Poland, Stalin surprised everyone by signing the act with Hitler. -
Britain and France declare war on Germany
two days following the terror in Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany -
Joseph Stalin's totalitarian government in the Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin took control of the country and focused on creating a communist state. Agriculture and industrial growth was his prime economic goal. By 1939, he established a totalitarian gov't that tried to exert complete control over its citizens. Basically, the citizens have no rights. -
Rome-Berlin Axis
relationship between German and Italian dictators. Alliance formed resulted in RBA -
Blitzkrieg
the first test of Germany's newest military strategy or lighting war -
Phony War
after the fall of Poland, French and British troops sat staring at Germany waiting for something to happen. German troops stared back -
Hitler's invasion of Denmark and Norway
surprise invasion to "protect freedom and independence" but really meant to build bases to strike at Great Britain -
Hitler's invasion of the Netherlands
after the invasion of Denmark and Norway, turned to Netherlands which was overturned by the end of May -
The Battle of Britain
raged on through the summer and fall. German planes pounded British targets -
Germany and Italy's invasion of France
Italy and Germany invaded France from south as Germans closed in on Paris from North -
Marshal Philippe Petain
When Germans occupy the northern part of France, Petain would be head of a Nazi controlled government set up at Vichy, in southern France -
Lend-Lease act
Britain had no more cash to spend in the arsenal of democracy. Roosevelt suggested LL policy where president would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to US -
Pearl Harbor attack
Japanese dive-bomber swooped low over Pearl harbor, the largest US naval base in Pacific. 2403 americans were killed in 2 hours and wounded 1178 more. This was more damage than the US navy suffered in all of WW1 -
Battle of the Atlantic
Ordered submarine raids against ships on Americas east coast. German aim in the Battle of the Atlantic to prevent food and war materials in reaching GB and Soviet Union -
The battle of the Bulge
eight German tank divisions broke through weak American
defenses along an 80-mile front. They captured 120 American
GIs near Malmédy. over a month. Nazis retreated -
Women's Auxiliary Army Corps
women volunteers would serve in noncombat positions. law gave rights to women. They could now work as nurses, radio operators etc -
Operation Torch
invasion of Axis-controlled North Africa, commanded by
American General Dwight D. Eisenhower. 107,000 Allied troops, the great majority of them Americans, landed in Casablanca, Oran, and Algiers in North Africa. The last of the Afrika Korps surrendered in May 1943. -
Battle of Stalingrad
Germans pressed on conquering house by house in brutal hand to hand combat. Soviet lost total of 1,100,000 soldiers -
Manhattan Project
code name for research work that extended across the country. -
Office of Price administration
Roosevelt response to threat. OPA fought inflation by freezing
prices on most goods. Rationed foods, such as meat, butter, cheese, vegetables, sugar, and coffee -
War productions Board
Rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort, such as
gasoline, heating oil, metals, rubber, and plastics -
Unconditional surrender
Roosevelt, Churchill, and their commanders met in Casablanca. Two leaders agreed that enemy nations would have to accept whatever terms of peace the Allies dictated. -
Death of Hitler
Hitler shot himself while his wife swallowed poison. “I die with a
happy heart aware of the immeasurable deeds of our
soldiers at the front. I myself and my wife choose to die in
order to escape the disgrace of . . . capitulation,” he said -
Bloody Anzio
Hitler was determined to stop the Allies in Italy rather than fight on German soil. One of the hardest battles lasting 4 months. Italy succeeded -
D-Day
Under Eisenhower’s direction in England, the Allies gathered a force of nearly 3 million British, American, and Canadian troops, together with lots of military equipment and supplies. Allied liberation of Western Europe from Nazi Germany’s control -
Korematsu v. United States
Japanese Americans fought for justice, arguing that the government’s policy of evacuating Japanese
Americans to camps was justified on the basis of “military necessity.” -
Harry S. Truman
Truman became president the night after Roosevelt had a stroke and died. 33rd president -
V-E day
A week after the death of Hitler, General Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich. allies celebrate Victory in Europe day when war in Europe was finally over on this date -
Mein Kampf
Hitler wrote in it which mentioned that he wanted to secure the German people with land and soil to which they are entitled to the earth. This could be accomplished by "the might of a victorious sword." -
U.S. convoy system
group of ships travel together for mutual protection like WW1 -
Internment
confinement
