-
Sep 9, 1096
crusades are fought in war
The First Crusade was part of the Christian response to the Muslim conquests, and was followed by the Second to the Ninth Crusades, but the gains made lasted for less than 200 years -
Sep 9, 1300
renaissance begins
Renaissance definition. The cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe from roughly the fourteenth through the middle of the seventeenth centuries, based on the rediscovery of the literature of Greece and Rome. -
Sep 9, 1337
100yr war begins
series of war between france england. millions died in the war .The Hundred Years' War was a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne. It lasted from 1337 to 1453, so it might more accurately be called the "116 Years' War." -
Sep 9, 1347
bubonic plague spread around europe
black death spread all over europe and killed millions. many affects rodents but fleas can transmit the disease to people. once epolle are infected they can ifect others rapidly. plague causes fever and a painful swelling of the lymph glands. -
Sep 14, 1368
ming dynasty in china
uprising broke out against teh mongols . in 1352 when the rebel army captured haozhou, in 1368 zhu yuanzhang offically procalimed himslef the emperor in yingtian and founded the ming dyanasty -
Oct 7, 1405
voyages of zheng he
When Zheng He, the Muslim eunudi leader ot the great expeditions to the “Western Ocean" (Indian Ocean) in the early fifteenth century, embarked on his voyages, it was from the Divine Woman that he sought protection, as well as at the tombs of the Muslim saints on Lingshan Hill, above the city of Quanzhou."[12] -
Sep 9, 1431
joan of arc burned at the stake
she was part tof the 100yr war she lived in france and after denying the 70 charges she got burned at the stake for it at age 19 . after she died her stories and her bravery still lives on -
Sep 14, 1453
ottomans conquer constantinople
The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Army,With this conquest Ottomans became an Empire and one of the most powerful empires, The Eastern Roman Empire fell and lasted. After the Constantinople -
Sep 9, 1455
johannes gutenburg - printing press
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press with replaceable/moveable wooden or metal letters in 1436 (completed by 1440). This method of printing can be credited not only for a revolution in the production of books, but also for fostering rapid development in the sciences, arts and religion through the transmission of texts. -
Sep 14, 1480
magellen starts trip
magellen set sail from spain in an effect to find a western sea route to the rich spice islands of indoneisa . in command of five ships and 270 men, megellen sailed to west africa then to brazil where he searched to south amercia -
Sep 28, 1491
henry VIII founds anglican church
wanted to make england independent of the pope and increase his personal power -
Sep 14, 1492
voyage of columbus
the explorer christopher columbus ade four trips across the atlantic ocean from spain in 1492,1493,1498,1502 he was determined to find a direct water route west from europe to asia, but he never did instead he found the americas -
Sep 14, 1492
jews, gypies & moors expelled from spain
jews to expelled from spain - jews who refuse to convert to christianity will be expelled form the country most spanish jews chose exile rather than the renunciation of their religion and culture, and the spanish ecomony suffered with loss of an important portion of its workforce -
Sep 13, 1498
da gama lands in india
the portuguese nobleman vasco da gama sailed from lushon in 1497 on a mission to reach india and open a sea route from europe to the east . -
Sep 14, 1500
slave trade across the atlantic
the increase in african involvement in the trade from the 16th century onwards was caused by an influx of outside captical the pre existing trade beign spurred on by the growing demand for europes goods -
Oct 7, 1501
safavis empire
the safavid empire was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Persia (modern Iran) after the fall of the Sasanian Empire - following the Muslim conquest of Persia in the seventh century A.D. -
Sep 14, 1503
da vinci paints mona lisa
when milan was ivades by french in 1499. vinci esaped as well possibly first to venice and then to florence . there he painted a series of portrairts that included LA gioconda a 21inch painting known as the mona lisa -
Sep 9, 1508
sistine chapel was painted
michelango painted the walls and celing of the sistine chapel -
Sep 9, 1517
martin luther post 95 theses
luather condemned the excesses and corruption of the roman catholic chruch, espaecially the papual practice of asking payment - called indulgences - for the forgiveness of sins -
Oct 7, 1526
mugual empire begins
Babur, founder of the Moghul dynasty in India, is one of history's more endearing conquerors. In his youth he is one among many impoverished princes, all descended from Timur, who fight among themselves for possession of some small part of the great man's fragmented empire. -
Sep 14, 1543
copernicus publishes
the ptolemaic system remianed europe's accepted cosmology for more then 1000yrs, but by copernicus day accumlated astronomical evdience had thrown some of his theoreies into confusion, astronomers disagreed on the order of the planets from earth , and it was this problem that copernicus addressed at the beginnnig of the 16th century -
Oct 7, 1545
council of trent
The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trento (Trent) and Bologna, northern Italy, was one of the Roman Catholic Church's most important ecumenical councils. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation. -
Oct 2, 1556
philip II rules spain
at first he wanted to spread the roman catholic faith and conquer england -
Oct 2, 1558
elizabeth I becomes queen of england
The long reign of Elizabeth, who became known as the “Virgin Queen” for her reluctance to endanger her authority through marriage, coincided with the flowering of the English Renaissance, associated with such renowned authors as William Shakespeare. By her death in 1603, England had become a -
age of englightment
The Enlightenment’s important 17th-century precursors included the Englishmen Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes, the Frenchman Renee Descartes and the key natural philosophers of the Scientific Revolution, including Galileo, Kepler and Leibniz. Its roots are usually traced to 1680s England, where in the span of three years Isaac Newton published his “Principia Mathematica -
jamestown , colony in virginia , founded
On May 14, 1607, a group of roughly 100 members of a joint venture called the Virginia Company founded the first permanent English settlement in North America on the banks of the James River. Famine, disease and conflict with local Native American tribes in the first two years brought Jamestown to the brink of failure before the arrival of a new group of settlers and supplies in 1610 -
louis XIV becomes king of france
wanted fame for himself and glory for france . he was very young when he was crowned . for severval years he depended upon his mother to serve as regent that is , to govern in his place . once hwas old enough to rule a catholic churchman named cardinal richelieu became cheif minister and most trusted adivser. -
thomas hobbes writes leviathan
Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan in the late 1640s. At the time he was living in exile (Paris) which he chose voluntarily in order to avoid persecution. Not without reasons he feared that the forces of the Parliament could put him on trial because of his royalist convictions. In fact undertook writing Leviathan to defend the monarchist idea. -
oliver cromwell rules england
English solider and statesman Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was elected to Parliament in 1628 and 1640. The outspoken Puritan helped organize armed forces after the outbreak of civil war in 1642, serving as deputy commander of the “New Model Army” that decimated the main Royalist force at the 1645 Battle of Naseby. -
peter I becomes czar
The reign of Peter, who became sole czar in 1696, was characterized by a series of sweeping military, political, economic, and cultural reforms based on Western European models. Russian victories in major conflicts with Persia and the Ottoman Empire greatly expanded Peter’s empire, and the defeat of Sweden in the Great Northern War won Russia direct access to the Baltic Sea -
catherine the great rules russia
wanted to expand russia's territory and make russia more european .
after her husband became czar peter III in 1761, catherine and many russian nobles grew angry at his weak incompentent rules.Catherine II of Russia (1729-1796) was one of history's most unlikely rulers. After marrying into Russia's Romanov family, she found herself part of a coup to unseat her husband and place her on the throne. The achievements of her reign, which lasted for 34 years, have often been overshadowed by her person -
french revolution begins
During this period, French citizens razed and redesigned their country’s political landscape, uprooting centuries-old institutions such as absolute monarchy and the feudal system. Like the American Revolution before it, the French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideals, particularly the concepts of popular sovereignty and inalienable rights. -
U.S constitution is ratfied
the Constitutional Convention convened at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. On September 17, 1787, after three months of debate moderated by convention president George Washington, the new U.S. constitution, which created a strong federal government with an intricate system of checks and balances, was signed by 38 of the 41 delegates present at the conclusion of the convention -
regin of terror begins
They also unleashed the bloody Reign of Terror (“la Terreur”), a 10-month period in which suspected enemies of the revolution were guillotined by the thousands. Many of the killings were carried out under orders from Robespierre, who dominated the draconian Committee of Public Safety until his own execution on July 28, 1794. -
napolean defeats waterloo
napolean began to encounter the first signinficant defeats of his military career, suffering through a disastrous invasion of russia losing to spain -
napoleon ecomes emperor
Beginning in 1812, Napoleon began to encounter the first significant defeats of his military career, suffering through a disastrous invasion of Russia, losing Spain to the Duke of Wellington in the Peninsula War, and enduring total defeat against an allied force by 1814. -
tokugawa shognate ends
Japan’s Tokugawa (or Edo) period, which lasted from 1603 to 1867, would be the final era of traditional Japanese government, culture and society before the Meiji Restoration of 1868 toppled the long-reigning Tokugawa shoguns and propelled the country into the modern era.