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Spinning mule developed
Samuel Crompton developed this hybrid machine to meet the greater needs of factories in the Industrial Revolution. It was able to spin more yarn than ever. -
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American Revolution
The American Revolution was caused by the unfair tariffs and treatment from Britain towards their American colonies. They fought together to become independent of Britain and to become their own country. -
James Watt perfects steam engine
James Watt’s steam engine was one of the most revolutionary machines of the century. It allowed for cheaper transportation with fuel being a ready resource. It was central to the Industrial Revolution. -
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French Revolution
A revolution that impacted all of Europe by tearing down France’s absolute monarchy. Enlightenment principles also became popular -
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Reign of King Louis XVI
King Louis XVI reformed his country by imposing Enlightenment ideals. He was King during the America Revolution, and his reign was highly influential to his country. -
Toussaint Louverture
Haitian patriot and martyr. A self-educated slave freed shortly before the uprising in 1791, he joined the black rebellion to liberate the slaves and became its organizational genius. -
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Haitain Revolution
A revolution that ended with the elimination of slavery and independence from Europe in Haiti. It also changed the racial system there. -
Cotton gin developed
The invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney revolutionized the production and trade of cotton around the world. It allowed for less manpower to produce more cotton, helping cotton to become one of the largest industries in America. -
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Reign of Napoleon
Domestically, Napoleon's reign was a major period of industrialization for the French economy. He conquered many countries and beefed up France as a place. -
Simon Bolivar
Bolivar launched an invasion into Venezuela and was later named the president. He worked for a united South America. -
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Congress of Vienna
The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. This objective resulted in the redrawing of the continent's political map. -
Unification of Italy
Italian Unification was the political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy in the 19th century. -
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War of Greek independence
The rebellion originated in the activities of the Philikí Etaireía (“Friendly Brotherhood”), a patriotic conspiracy founded in Odessa (now in Ukraine) in 1814. By that time the desire for some form of independence was common among Greeks of all classes. It was won in 1832. -
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First Opium War
The Opium Wars allowed Britain and other countries to openly trade with China. It weakened China and opened it for invasion. -
Communist Manifersto published
The Communist Manifesto laid out the League's purposes and program. It presented an analytical approach to the class struggle and the problems of capitalism. -
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Taiping Rebellion
The rebellion was led by Hung Hsiu-ch'üan, and was started in order to put a new dynasty in place. At first Western powers supported it, but then drew out because foreign trade would be affected. -
Bessemer process developed
The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron. This process decreased the cost of steel manufacturing and increased the scale on which it was produced. -
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Crimean War
The Crimean War was a conflict between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire. -
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Second Opium War
The Opium Wars allowed Britain and other countries to openly trade with China. It weakened China and opened it for invasion. -
Sepoy Rebellion
A revolt that began with Indian soldiers in the Bengal army of the British East India Company but developed into a widespread uprising against British rule in India. -
Origin of the Species published
Darwin’s publication challenged the word of the Church and many peoples’ faith. It gave more credibility to science and the evolution theory. -
Emancipation of Russian serfs
After Russia’s loss in the Crimean War, the country realized how behind they were and worked towards updating its world. Although serfs were freed, they were still treated badly and had very poor living conditions. -
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Meiji restoration
The Meiji Restoration was a chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868. The Restoration led to enormous changes in Japan's political and social structure. -
Unification of Germany
Germany’s reunification was caused by extreme tariffs and rebellion. The King of Germany was thrown out and Hitler was inaugurated the same year. -
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Boer War
The First Anglo-Boer War was a rebellion of Boers (farmers) against British rule in the re-established their independence. The conflict occurred against the backdrop of the Pretoria government becoming increasingly ineffective at dealing with growing claims on South African land from rival interests within the country. -
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Panama Canal First Construction
The Panama Canal is a major route that trading ships use. It united countries and caused shorter routes to be used. -
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Berlin West Africa Conference
Berlin West Africa Conference was a series of negotiations at Berlin, in which the major European nations met to decide all questions connected with the Congo River basin in Central Africa. It ended in the creation of a Congo Free State. -
Indian National Congress founded
The Indian National Congress introduced democracy to India and was one of the most powerful forces in its struggle for independence. It is one of the oldest political parties in the world. -
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Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion happened to help return China to its previous strength and traditional values. It protested against foreign “spheres of influence.” -
Wars of indepenence in Latin America
The Latin American Wars of Independence were the various revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America. These revolutions followed the American and French Revolutions, which had profound effects on the Spanish, Portuguese and French colonies in the Americas -
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Russo-Japanese War
An imperialistic conflict that grew out of the rival designs of Russia and Japan on Manchuria and Korea, this war brought Japan to the forefront of world powers. It’s bad outcome for Russia also led to the Russian Revolution of 1705. -
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Panama Canal Second Stage
The Panama Canal is a major route that trading ships use. It united countries and caused shorter routes to be used. -
All-India Muslim League founded
The All-India Muslim League was founded to secure political rights for Muslims in the British puppet government of India and believed in the “two-nation” idealogy. -
Henry Ford and the assembly line
The assembly line completely transformed the act of manufacturing. Developed for the Model T, Ford patented the act of mass production. It allowed more products to be created for less.
