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10,000 BCE
Agricultural Revolution
The transition from nomadic hunting-gathering to settled agriculture occurs in the Fertile Crescent -
9000 BCE
Domestication of Plants
Early agricultural practices lead to the cultivation of key crops such as wheat, barley, and legumes -
8500 BCE
Domestication of Animals
The domestication of sheep and goats provides reliable food sources and labor -
7000 BCE
Formation of Permanent Settlements
Villages, such as Jericho, emerge, leading to increased population density and social -
6500 BCE
Advances in Pottery
The invention of pottery allows for better storage, cooking, and transport of food -
5500 BCE
Spread of Agricultural Practices
Innovations in farming techniques disseminate across Europe and Asia, promoting social and economic development -
5000 BCE
Emergence of Social Structures
Growing populations lead to more complex communities -
4500 BCE
Construction of Megalithic Structures
Sites like Stonehenge are built, indicating advances in engineering -
3500 BCE
Invention of Writing
writing systems in Mesopotamia marks the transition to recorded history -
3000 BCE
Rise of City-States
Urban centers, such as Ur and Sumer, emerge, leading to the development of civilization characterized by trade, governance, and culture -
39 BCE
First stone tools (2.6 Millions years ago)
Early hominins begin making and using simple tools. -
38 BCE
1.8 million years ag(2.3 Million years ago)
Evidence of controlled fire for warmth, cooking, and protection. -
37 BCE
Use of Fire (2 Million Years ago)
Homo Heidelberg utilizes fire for cooking, protection, and social interaction -
36 BCE
Homo sapiens evolve (1.8 Million years ago)
Anatomically modern humans appear in Africa -
35 BCE
Migration from Africa (1.6 Million years ago)
Early Homo sapiens begin to migrate out of Africa, leading to global dispersal and adaptation -
34 BCE
Cave Art Flourishes (1.4 Million years ago)
Significant artistic, such as those found in Lascaux, France, illustrate the cognitive and cultural development of early humans -
33 BCE
Development of Specialized Tools (1.2 Million years ago)
Innovations such as blades and composite tools emerge, reflecting increased resources -
32 BCE
Complex Burial Practices (1.2 Million years ago)
burial rituals, often accompanied by grave goods, indicates developing beliefs in an afterlife -
31 BCE
Creation of Venus Figurines (1.2 million years ago)
These small statuettes may symbolize fertility and represent early artistic expression -
30 BCE
Last Glacial Maximum (1.1 Million years ago)
Humans adapt to harsh climatic conditions, leading to migration patterns that shape future populations.