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World History 2: Time toast Topics for Chapter 22

  • 400 BCE

    Aristotle explained the geocentric theory

    Aristotle explained the geocentric theory
  • 140 BCE

    Ptolemy supported the geocentric theory

    Ptolemy supported the geocentric theory
  • 1543

    Andreas Vesalius published On the Fabric of the Human Body – detailing dissection of human bodies

    Andreas Vesalius published On the Fabric of the Human Body – detailing dissection of human bodies
  • 1543

    Nicolaus Copernicus reasoned the heliocentric theory

    Nicolaus Copernicus reasoned the heliocentric theory
  • Zacharias Janssen invented the microscope

    Zacharias Janssen invented the microscope
  • Galileo developed the law of pendulum

    Galileo developed the law of pendulum
  • William Harvey showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body

    William Harvey showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body
  • Francis Bacon published Novum Organum which encouraged the experimental method

    Francis Bacon published Novum Organum which encouraged the experimental method
  • Johannes Kepler published the first two laws of planetary

    Johannes Kepler published the first two laws of planetary
  • Galileo was put under house arrest by an Inquisition for supporting Copernicus's theory

    Galileo was put under house arrest by an Inquisition for supporting Copernicus's theory
  • Rene Descartes published Discourse of Method which set forth his reasoning

    Rene Descartes published Discourse of Method which set forth his reasoning
  • Evangelista Torricelli developed the first mercury barometer

    Evangelista Torricelli developed the first mercury barometer
  • Thomas Hobbes published Leviathan – social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order)

    Thomas Hobbes published Leviathan – social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order)
  • Robert Boyle created Boyle's Law

    Robert Boyle created Boyle's Law
  • Anton van Leeuwenhoek saw red blood cells for the first time

    Anton van Leeuwenhoek saw red blood cells for the first time
  • Isaac Newton published the Law of Gravity

    Isaac Newton published the Law of Gravity
  • John Locke explained his theory of “natural rights” (life, liberty, and property)

    John Locke explained his theory of “natural rights” (life, liberty, and property)
  • Francois-Marie Arouet changed his name to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms

    Francois-Marie Arouet changed his name to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms
  • Mary Astell wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies – addressing the lack of educational opportunities for women

    Mary Astell wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies – addressing the lack of educational opportunities for women
  • Gabriel Fahrenheit made the first thermometer to use mercury in glass ( 32= freezing 212=boiling)

    Gabriel Fahrenheit made the first thermometer to use mercury in glass ( 32= freezing 212=boiling)
  • Denis Diderot published the first volume of the Encyclopedia – a collection of enlightened thinkers works

    Denis Diderot published the first volume of the Encyclopedia – a collection of enlightened thinkers works
  • The enlightened despot, Fredrick ll, began his rule of Prussia

    The enlightened despot, Fredrick ll, began his rule of Prussia
  • Anders Celsius created a scale for the mercury thermometer ( 0= freezing 100= boiling)

    Anders Celsius created a scale for the mercury thermometer ( 0= freezing 100= boiling)
  • Montesquieu published On the Spirit of Laws – detailing separation of powers in government

    Montesquieu published On the Spirit of Laws – detailing separation of powers in government
  • Emilie du Châtalet (a mathematician and physicist) translated Newton’s work from Latin into French

    Emilie du Châtalet (a mathematician and physicist) translated Newton’s work from Latin into French
  • Marie-Thérèse Geoffrin held her first salon of philosophers

    Marie-Thérèse Geoffrin held her first salon of philosophers
  • The Baroque Period began in art, music, and architecture (Bach and Handel were composers

    The Baroque Period began in art, music, and architecture (Bach and Handel were composers
  • The enlightened despot, Catherine the Great, began her rule of Russia

    The enlightened despot, Catherine the Great, began her rule of Russia
  • Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote The Social Contract – free individuals create a society and government

    Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote The Social Contract – free individuals create a society and government
  • Cesare Beccaria published On Crimes and Punishments – railing against common abuses of justice

    Cesare Beccaria published On Crimes and Punishments – railing against common abuses of justice
  • Joseph Priestly discovered oxygen

    Joseph Priestly discovered oxygen
  • Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence

    Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence
  • Antoine Lavoisier discovered and named gas oxygen

    Antoine Lavoisier discovered and named gas oxygen
  • The enlightened despot, Joseph ll, began his rule of Austria.

    The enlightened despot, Joseph ll, began his rule of Austria.
  • The U.S. enacted the Constitution – establishing a federal system, separation of powers, checks and balances

    The U.S. enacted the Constitution – establishing a federal system, separation of powers, checks and balances
  • The U.S. Congress added the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) to the Constitution

    The U.S. Congress added the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) to the Constitution
  • Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman – promoting women’s education as virtuous

    Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman – promoting women’s education as virtuous
  • Edward Jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent small pox

    Edward Jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent small pox
  • The Classical Period began in art, music, and architecture (Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were composers)

    The Classical Period began in art, music, and architecture (Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were composers)