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European trade with Africa becomes well established
Europeans started landing in African ports and trading goods for resources. These British goods ended up modernizing Africa a bit, and also kicking people out of their jobs, since there were better ways to get different types of goods. -
British Raj Begins
The Raj was the British rule of India. The British considered India the jewel in its crown. There were many negative effects like starvation because of change to cash crops and the Indians were treated as lessers, but there were positive effects too. These effexts consisted of better healthcare and education, and a couple other things. -
East India Company collapses
the East India company collapsed because of conflict with Africans and losses in the war. -
The Suez Canal is completed.
The Suez Canal linked the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. Egypt borrowed so much money to build the canal that Egypt could not pay off its debt. So they were forced to let British take over the canal for the next 100 years. -
Period: to
Berlin Conference convenes to discuss terms for African colonization
King Leopold saw that Africa was the perfect place to colonize. He gathered the European powers together so that they could split up Africa fairly and so that he would get a piece of Africa too. None of the African leaders were consulted and so the Berlin Conference that cut up Africa badly with no thoughts for African territories or clans. King Leopold got the Congo with it's rubber trees. -
Queen Liliuokalani takes the throne of Hawaii
When Queen Liliuokalani took the throne in Hawaii her cpuntry was being dominated by Dole fruit company. She tried to fix this but ultimately failed allowing Dole full rights to Hawaii's fruit. -
Ethiopians defeat the invading Italians at the Battle of Adwa
Ethiopia was 1 of two countries to evade colonization. It did this by modernizing and pitting their enemies against each other. By using these tactics they successfully delayed colonization long enough that when the Italians finally attacked the Ethiopians were able to beat them in battle. These brilliant ideas were thanks to the king at the time, Menelik II. -
Spanish-American War breaks out; Puerto Rico, Spain, and the Philippines taken from Spain
The US helped Cuba gain Independence for two reasons. One, they had substantial business in Cuba and two, they rejected Spanish brutality. The US attacked the Phillipine Islands, another Spanish colony. Unprepared to fight a war in multiple places, the Spanish were quickly defeated and Cuba was able to declare independence. -
Boer War in South Africa
Diamonds and Gold were found in South Africa. The Boers tried to stop the foreigners from getting rights. The Boers blamed the British for a failed attempt to start a rebellion. This started the Boer War. The Boers used guerrilla tactics and the British burned their homes and put their families in death camps. The British won. -
Africa is almost completely controlled by Europeans
The only country that managed to escape colonization was Ethiopia. The king at the time, King Menelik II, pitted their enemies against each other while at the same time modernizing until he managed to defeat the Europeans. Colonization was bad for the Africans and good for the Europeans.