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The Three Estates – France
First Estate – Roman Catholic clergy. Higher clergy–Bishops and abbots– and Lower clergy–parish priests.
Second Estate – The nobility–held positions in government and military.
Third Estate– Peasants, artisans, and bourgeoisie–the middle class. -
The Start of the French Revolution
The Great Fear struck France. Rumors about robbers hired to kill peasants had the peasants in fear. Fear turned to violence, and they started to drive landlords off their property, break and enter into their homes, rob them, and even destroy feudal records. -
Huge mob surrounded the Bastille
They attempted to steal weapons and freed 7 prisoners. 98 rioters were killed.
Tension grew and this outbreak led to the formation of a revolutionary government in Paris. -
The Declaration of Rights
August 4th– National Army made reforms, nobles voted to end their privileges.
Late August– Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. (In the French Constitution today) -
Napoleon Bonaparte
French military leader and young general.
Crushed an uprising against Directory. -
End of the French Revolution
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Government set up a dictatorship
a government headed by an absolute ruler. -
Napoleon named himself Emperor of the French
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Napoleon controlled most of Europe
He became king of Italy. His brothers also became kings. -
Nationalism
the yearning for self-rule and restoration of customs and traditions -
Napoleon was defeated in a War of Liberation
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Napoleon returned to France after being banished
he became emperor again and claimed France wanted no more territories.
He was still feared and the European governments sent armies to stop him. He was sentenced to house arrest. -
Napoleon died