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145,800 slaves are sent with Europeans per trade venture
This shows how much Europe’s slave trade affected the population at the time. While the majority of Europe had not started majorly colonizing Africa, they still had a great influence. This would only increase in time. [Source](bit.ly/1kreZfo) -
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Cape Verde’s prominence as a trade station declines with the slave trade, causing incredible poverty,
Source
This shows how European colonies in Africa were so reliant upon the slave trade. With the gradual decline of the slave trade, African colonies could not offer their intended export. This meant that these colonies would slowly start to disintegrate. -
The British take Senegal from the French
Source This shows how Africans were becoming unheard where their land was concerned. The Europeans were able to take their land without them even being thought of. This would continue later into the time period. -
Peace of Paris grants Britain the Gambia River
Source With the end of the revolutionary war Britain gained a French colony as part of the treaty. This shows how Africa started to become affected by European exploits on the other side of the world. Even when they had nothing to do with something, it would affect them due to their status as European colonies. -
Mungo Park becomes the first European explorer to have travelled the central part of the Niger River
Source Mungo Park explored farther into Africa than any before him. His travels would reveal African lands before unseen by European eyes. This exploration led to further colonization. -
Fulani War begins
Source
The Fulani war would mark the rise of Muslim Africans rising against the more prominent animists of the continent. The Muslims would win the conflict. This war would be an inspiration to many others like it, causing wider revolutions around the region. -
Slave Trade Act of 1807
Source The Slave trade act of 1807 abolished trading slaves for most of the western world. This was the start of the decline of slavery around the globe. This ended slave trading across countries, however the trading of slaves where there were already slaves persisted. -
Freetown becomes a safe haven for slaves under the British Empire
Source
With the end of the slave trade safe havens such as Sierra Leone began to rise around the region. Sierra Leone was established by the British as a safe place for former and escaped slaves. Sierra Leone’s inhabitants have come to be known as the Krio people. -
Fulani War ends resulting in the founding of the Sokoto Caliphate (inspired Jihadis with its success)
Source The Fulani war comes to an end, resulting in the start of a new Caliphate in West Africa. The rise of Muslim states would begin before the European scramble for Africa put Europeans in control. The success of this Caliphate would further inspire jihadis in the subregion. -
Hamdullahi founded by Seku Ahmadu as the capital of the Massina Empire
Source Seku Amadu founds the Imamate of Hamdullahi as the capital of the Massina empire. This shows how Islam was growing in strength. It remained competitive against European powers early into the time period. -
Christian missionaries start missions to convert natives
Source Christian missionaries attempted to spread Christianity in the region. This shows an increasing interest in conversion worldwide. This is due in large part to help pave the way for colonization. -
Heinrich Barth begins his famous expeditions into Muslim Africa
Source Heinrich Barth's expeditions was one of the first tolerant and knowledge seeking expeditions into West Africa. He learned to communicate with the natives, and wrote books about his findings. His books are still used by historians to this day. -
Battle of Kansala
Source Fought between the Muslim Fulas and Mandinka Animists. Caused the destruction of the fortress of Kansala and led to the decline of the Mandinka Hegemony. This was a huge falling point for Animists in West Africa. -
The boundaries for the country of Gambia are set by the British
Source
Britain dictated the boundaries of the country of Gambia. This shows how the Europeans ran the lives of West Africans with little contact or communication. This detachment led to Africans living poorer lives. -
Beginning of the recognized decline of Sokoto power
Source In 1891 the decline of the Sokoto Caliphate began. This decline shows how European nations began to take over the power that Muslims had beforehand. The shifting in power continued even into European rule as they would vie for the colonies of different nations. -
France claims control over the Ivory Coast
Source In 1893 France claimed the Ivory Coast. Britain even acknowledged France as the sovereign of this country. This represents that the Scramble for Africa in some ways stopped European fighting over Africa (Not entirely, of course) as old enemies came to terms over mutually desired land. -
French take Djenne and destroy Seku Ahmadu’s mosque
Source
In 1893 the French took the grand city of Djenne. Djenne was a great example of Muslim power. French destruction of Seku Amadu's mosque show a shift in power from Muslim to European and European disregard for African culture. -
Occupation of Burkina Faso by France
Source In 1897 the French occupied the country of Burkina Faso. While they held supreme power, they allowed tribal leaders to keep traditional seats. Allowing the chiefs to keep their tradition helped France keep the people from revolting. -
French conquest of Mali
Source In 1898 the French conquered Mali and made it a part of the French Sudan; a colonial territory in French west Africa. French authorities largely were disinterested in the area. They instead favored positions in more economically prosperous areas. -
Liberia retains independence
Source: AP World History Class
Liberia retained independence throughout the scramble for Africa. They were the only West African country to do so. While still pressured by European powers, they were never conquered.
