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Benito Mussolini
was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce (The Leader), Mussolini was the founder of Italian Fascism. -
joseph stalin
man of steel
-foused on creating a model communist
-in 1939 stalin had family establish a totalitarian gov that tried to exert complete control over citizens -
german WW2
-during the first three years of WW2 from when sep 1939 through November 1942
-series of military victories permitted german domination of containment -
Period: to
Allied Powers
-allied powers were a group of countries opposed to axis power
-they joined allies because theaxis powers were attacking the world -
japan
japan invaded china eastern sea board bc japan was becoming very crowded without being able to expand bc of being an island
japan withdrew from the league of nations after a report of them invading Manchuria -
German expansion
started acquiring german speaking areas lost after WW1 like a section of France .
increasingly a global political division emerged between democratic societys -
volunteerism in WW2
-began blood donor services in america to produce life saving plasma for the armed forces
-helped in europe and other countries -
Germany
1930s Adolf Hitler Nazi party exploited wide spread and deep seated where discontent in Germany to extract popular and political support -
Rationing
*the controlled distribution or scare resources and goods
* items were gasoline tires meat butter and jellies
*people had to use " rationing goods" which were issued to each family based on its size -
lend lease program
Franklin Roosevelt introduced the lend lease program to congress it was intended to help britan beat back hitlers advance while keeping america only indirectly involved
program was the principal way to get out of the great depression -
war bonds
-way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-people would buy bonds and the gov promised to return to them w interest after 10 yr or more
-gov needs the $ to pay for war equipment -
Pearl Harbor
-japanese planes attacked US naval base at pearl harbor
-it happened in Hawaii
-"date which will live in infamy" -
rosie the riveter
-she was an idol to all women
-she represented a huge movement of women working for the first time outside of their homes -
Period: to
WACS
women joined the new women army corps after basic training most of there women took clerical jobs in the military women replaced jobs familiarly held by men -
civilian defense organization
-Roosevelt set up the office of civilian defense to coordinate state and federal measures to protect civilians in war related emergency -
Period: to
multiple fronts fought by the us
Atlantic front pacific front European front and home front due to the us declaiming war on japan after pear harbor and Germany declaiming war on the us -
batan death march
-the batan death march happened after the us surrendered it affected the war tide in favor of the axis of powers prisoners were forced to march 65 miles to prison -
battle of midway
-battle of midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers
-the us inflicted permanent damage on Japanese navy -
Period: to
island hopping
it was affecting the tide in favor of the allied powers bc they kept pushing Japanese forces out of the islands through the offensive succeed in forcing japan to relinquish the island -
Executive Order 9066
-didn't allow suspicious immigrants into america and all the other ones to leave the US
-was an unfair law and didnt align with the state laws of equal rights -
victory gardens
-as part of the war effort the gov rationed foods
-to make sure enough food was available for war troops -
Period: to
US offices of war
-made citizenz aware of how they could save war effort
produced radio war programs -
victory crops
student organization was to prepare high school students to aid in the war effort on home front
both girls and boys from white and African american schools participated
students participated in physical fitness program and enroll in a war effort class -
Douglas MacArthur
-american 5 star general and field of the Philippine army
-led the us army in island hopping -
vhester w nimit 2
was leading the us army authority on submarines
was the usa last surviving officer who ranked as a fleet admiral
battle held the advance in the pacific -
Higgins boat / nuclear weapons
was a landing craft used extensively in amphibious landing WW2 HIGGINS based on boats made for operating in swamps and marshes -
isoroku yamato
Japanese marshal admiral and commander in chief of the combined fleet played a virtual role in pearl harbor -
Bernard Montgomery
-senior British army officer in African European war
commanded the British 8th army
was over all British troops on june 1944 dday -
Erwin Rommel
germanys most popular generals during WW2 on d day he discussed with other officers about surrendering -
radar and M-1 semi automatic refile
used to create an automatic map of all objects in all directions and distances
also to locate the precise location and positiion of detected target -
Gorge G Marshall
*acted as chief of staff and the organizer of victory
*worked closely w Roosevelt to urge military to prepare b4 pearl harbor
*built a army of 8 million men -
Omar Bradley
*was a senior officer of the us army
*he was in service in north america ad western Europe
*he then became general of the first american army to land in france -
D-Day
-effected the war tide for the allies positively bc the battle foreshadowed the end of Hitlers dream domination day operation was over taken 5,000 ships 11,000 airplanes -
Period: to
liberation of concentration camps
push towards the victory for allies bc they were slowly starting to shut down
the soviets also overdrew the sites of the blezec largest concentration camp -
Koremastu vs U.S
-Fred korematsu a Japanese us citizen refused to leave his home in San Leandro ,CA
-court decided the nations security concern outweighed the constitutions promise of equal rights
-the executive order 9066 banned Japanese alien and non alien from the us
-50 yrs later it was overturned by congress & an apology was given -
Potsdam conference
-soviet leader Stalin British prime minister Churchill and us president harry Truman
-met in potsdam Germany to negotiate terms for the end of WW2
-agrrements on german economy were made -
us European countries
in the us the war happened after the great depression 30% unemployment was cut down to less than 5% -
women and minority
while the men went to fight in the war the woman were left to work in the factories in the war men of color fought alongside white men for the first time -
fair deal
the new deal was published by president harry s truman and democrats it was intended to set propsells od economic development and social welfare
included measures made to help aid education tax cut for low income -
Adolph Hitler
-in germany hitler was racist and killed many germans
-he tortured and starved them
-Nazi party
-determined to achieve German domination of Germany