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North River Steamboat
-Trade= Rapid transportation of goods
-Transportation= Wealthy would use it as form to travel in rivers
-Environment= Farmers grew crops along river because it was easy to get them to markets near river forks and rapids
-Marine Diesel Engine -
Morse Code
-Samuel Morse invented the Morse code
-It mad communication faster, you can message from coast to coast
-It lead to telephone, fax machine and the internet
-Built along RR tracks due to free and heavy use by the RR company -
Period: to
New Migration
-Irish; Religious freedom
-Economic condition
-German religious background difficulties political differences
-Chinese need work
-Gold rush
-Most migrants lived mostly by the rest coast -
Captians of Industry Andrew Carnegie
-19th century industrialist
-Name "Captains of Industry" made in 1843
-Carnegie made his fortune in the steel industry
-controlled the most extensive integrated iron & steel operations ever owned by an individual in the U.S
-he adopted the Bessemer process for steel making -
Period: to
William M Tweed
-They used dishonest politicians to gain control of New York City
-Support neighborhoods of new immigrants by giving them help and jobs
-Immigrants in return with votes just how Boss Tweed wanted
-Controlled Democratic party in New York City -
Homestead Act
-The U.S government wanted homesteaders to move on to the plains so that they could achieve manifest destiny
-Great Plains, flat land, grassland
-People had the drive to own land the American Dream
-Native Americans had 3 choices they could assimlate relocate or die -
First Transcendental Railroad
-First time American could travel freely from coast to coast
-Markets expended and cheaper distribution
-People moved to the East
-Forced Indians off their land
-Ended long cattle drives
-Farmers had quick -
Nast Cartoon About Boss Tweed
-Boss Tweed suspected of stealing millions of $$$ from the city of NY
-Nast used his character to help prosecute Boss Tweed for fraud before public out ranged turned against him -
Period: to
Rise Of Labor Unions
-Purpose
-Fought for wages and safer working conditions
-It stopped child labor
-Gave health benefits and provide aid to workers who were injured or retired actions
-Unions rely on strike and boycott against co. sometime the strikes led to violence
-1st time African Americans were desecrate and allowed to join union -
Standard Oil Company
-Founded by John D Rockefeller with associates
-After making major progress with his company made his own transportation
-Once retired inserted in charitable becoming a respected philanthropist
-Invested 300 million to help create the university of Chicago and the rocker feller institution of medical research -
Period: to
Glided age and westward expansion
-The Glided Age was an era of rapid economic growth especially in the North and West American wages especially for skilled workers were much higher then in Europe which attracted millions of immigrants
-Railroads were the major industry system mining and finance increased
-Labor unions became important in industrial areas
-This time period is characterized by economic growth widespread poverty westward expansion and political corruption -
Bessemer Steel Process
-the removal of impurities f/ iron
-the Bessemer Process revolutionized steel production, de-creasing cost
-the process made steel 10x stronger than iron
-RR went further building grew high due to strength + low cost of steel -
Chinese Exclusionary Act
-first significant restriction on us immigration
-prohibited all immigration of Chinese labours
-act was originally intended to last for 10 years but was renewed in 1892 and made permanent in 1902 but was repelled magnuson act in 1943 -
Hay Market Riot
-Low wages dangerous working conditions
-Labor protest near Chicago's hay market square
-Really turned the riot after someone threw a bomb and police gov. imposed death sentence on 7 men and 8 were sentenced to 15 years in prison and 4 men were hung -
Hull House
-To provide higher civic and seal life
-Located in Chicago Illionis
-Founded by Ellen G Starr Jane Addams
-Both their leadership made women more politically influenced had more power among me -
Period: to
Ellis Island
-Some of the groups that arrived were Southern Europeans
-Immigrants had to perform physical and mental hexanes to ensure there admittance
-Doctors would check the immigrants for health problems -
Pullman Strike
-George Pullman increased working hours, cut wages and cut jobs caused from depression in 1893
-the workers who belonged to the American Railroad Union (ARU) protested and started the pullman strike on May,11 1894 and violence brake out -
Period: to
The Angel Island
-was one entry into the U.S established by the U.S
-the gov- detain immigrants sometimes for years weeks to years before let them into the U.S
-Asian immigrants felt humiliated having to dis-rob infront of doctors
-Asian women were denied entry if they did not have a husband or father already in the country
-Asian immigrant were denied entry for small health problem like a cough -
Period: to
Great Migration
-Pull factors to North
-Job opportunities
-Voting was a right
-Push factors from South
-Violence of hate
-Work to survive / no jobs
-Moved to Chicago, Detroit, New York, Pittsburgh
-Migrating of new job opportunities blacks moved North to escape from oppressive conditions of the South like lynching, unfair legal system, inequality in education -
Period: to
Cattle Drive Era
-located in Texas,but ended in the mid-west where the trains were that took the cattle east
-Chicago & NY have more people, so the more the people the more they needed beef
-the new technology was barb wire that ended the open range -
Americanization Day
-Created to bring together new and old immigrants
-Americans viewed immigrants as a threat to Americans way of life
-Immigrants were worried they wouldnt be accepted as American citizen