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John Tyndall
Born: August 2, 1820
Died: December 4, 1893 "In 1859, Tyndall showed that gases including carbon monoxide and water vapor can absorb heat. This heat source was not the Sun, but radiation from a copper cube containing boiling water. In modern terms, this was infrared radiation - just like that emanating from the Earth's surface (UCL News, 202)." -
Charles Darwin
Born: February 12, 1809
Died: April 19, 1882 Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species (cannot italicize) on his beliefs about his theory of natural selection. He analyzed plants and animals, which ultimately led him to hypothesize how such species are made and change over a period of time. Natural selection is the theory of how organisms with specific attributes can be more likely to outlive and reproduce more than organisms that do not have those traits. -
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Ernst Mach
Born: February 18, 1838
Died: February 19, 1916 "Between 1873 and 1893 he developed optical and photographic techniques for the measurement of sound waves and wave propagation (Britannica 2023)." -
Ernst Mach
Born: February 18, 1838
Died: February 19, 1916 "In 1887 he established the principles of supersonics and the Mach number - the ratio of the velocity of an object to the velocity of sound (Britannica 2023)." -
John Dewey
Born: October 20, 1859
Died: June 1, 1952 John Dewey was one of the founders of pragmatism. Pragmatism is the theory that centers reasonable methods and results around concerns and issues. These solutions are those that will produce results in repetition. -
Niels Bohr
Born: October 7, 1885
Died: November 18, 1962 "In 1913, Neils Bohr proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom, based on the quantum theory that some physical quantities only to be discrete values (The Nobel Prize, 2023)." It explains that electrons move around with a set measurement and vitality. Radiation is consumed or released when an electron changes from one orbit to a different one. -
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Moritz Schlick
Born: April 14, 1882
Died: June 22, 1936 Before the Vienna Circle was even an idea, Schlick publicized his book Space and Time in Contemporary Physics (cannot italicize) in 1917. This was an intro to fresh physics of Relativity. Then in 1918, he published General Theory (cannot italicize). In this book, he explains that "concepts are formed in clusters, just as a mathematical field are defined in terms of one another by the axioms of the discipline (Oberdan 2013)." -
Moritz Schlick
Born: April 14, 1882
Died: June 22, 1936 Moritz Schlick was mostly known for being one of the founding fathers of the Vienna Circle. -
Werner Heisenberg
Born: December 5, 1901
Died: February 1, 1976 Werner Heisenberg was known for being one of the primary persons who established the theory of quantum physics. His theory was publicized in 1925, at 23 years old. "In 1925, Werner Heisenberg formulated a type of quantum mechanics based on matrices (The Nobel Prize)." -
Werner Heisenberg
Born: December 5, 1901
Died: February 1, 1976 "In 1927, he proposed the "uncertainty relation," setting limits for how precisely the position and velocity of a particle can be simultaneously determined (The Nobel Prize)." -
Karl Popper
Born: July 28, 1902
Died: September 17, 1994 Karl Popper proposed the theory of falsification. Falsification means that something is scientific when a hypothesis can be tested and refuted. Those that cannot are classified as non-scientific