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Horace Mann and the Common School
Horace Mann is known as the Father of the Common School. He led a movement to have a public school for all. He believed it would achieve "the moral and socioeconomic uplift of all Americans". Every educator and potential student were affected by this including today. https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/horace-mann-creation-common-school/ -
Massachusetts Compulsory Education Law
This is a law in Massachusetts that every city within it's boundaries were required to send their children to primary school at the age of 6. Their children had the chance to drop out of school at age 16. This law applied to every child and their family. Parents were fined or children were taken away if they refused to take their children to school. https://education.findlaw.com/education-options/compulsory-education-laws-background.html -
"Kill the Indian Save the Man"
The federal government gathered Native Americans across the United States to Americanize them. They were sent to boarding schools across the country. They were ripped from their culture and way of life. Every Native American is affected by this. http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4929/ -
Brown v. Board of Education
The term "separate but equal" isn't really equal. Segregating black students from white students is considered unconstitutional. This affects every individual who is African American. It also affects the community in which they live. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Title IX
"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
Any child who isn't a legal citizen of the United States is involved. http://www.ncaa.org/about/resources/inclusion/title-ix-frequently-asked-questions -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act
An act that allowed federally funded schools to provide all individuals with disabilities equal access to education. Before this act one could receive as much help as those with disabilities are receiving now. This also affects everyone in school systems, the public, and individuals with disabilities. https://commons.trincoll.edu/edreform/2012/05/the-education-for-all-handicapped-children-act-a-faltering-step-towards-integration/ -
Plyler v Doe
A law that allowed school districts to withhold funds to go to schools with students who are not citizens of the United States or legally admitted. This started in the state of Texas. It affects every child and family who are not legally admitted into the United States. It also affects the districts and schools to not receive any funds. -
Plessy v.Ferguson
Homer Plessy was an African-White-American who refused to sit in a "colored" train meant for blacks in 1892. He petitioned against Ferguson stating that the law violated the 14th Amendment. Again his court experience was unconstitutional. Every colored person is affected by this. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/plessy-v-ferguson