Week 3 - Rise of a World Power

By Samchase7

  • Alfred Thayer Mahan

    • Mahan was commissioned in the U.S Navy in 1859
    • Mahan spent the next 2 decades making his career in the sea service
    • Published book 1660-1783 which focused on advancing state power
    • The sea bought immigrants to the shores of the New Nation and Served as a base for outward trade.
    • Mahan book expanding westwards assimilating half of the North American Continent into its political union.
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    Henry Cabot Lodge

    • Henry was a Republican U.S Senator.
    • Henry had support of a strong navy which resulted in a relationship with Teddy Roosevelt, later differed in domestic matters.
    • Lodge was an advocate for American action on Spain in 1898
    • Teddy Roosevelt and Henry Lodge wanted to introduce the U.S imperialism like the European countries.

  • Sanform B Dole

    • Dole was a lawyer who led the provisional government while it worked out plants for the United states to annex the islands
    • When President Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii because of the Planter's actions in seizing power, Dole served as Hawaii's President.
    • After the outbreak of the Spanish-American was, congress then voted to annex Hawaii in 1895
    • Dole server as governor of Hawaii from 1900-1903
    • Dole pineapple company was named after him.
    • Dole overthrew Queen Liliugkalani

  • USS Maine

    • In 1898, USS Maine was sent to Havana, to protect U.S interest during a Cuban revolt against Spain. Although the explosion remains unknown, the Hearst and Pultizer newspaper blamed the spanish for sabotage- Yellow journalism.
    • The sinking of Maine set off a fire storm making people protest in the U.S
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    Spanish American War

    • America's support of Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule.
    • The mysterious explosion of the USS Maine in Havana.
    • The cession of the Phillipines involved a payment of $20,000,000 from the U.S to Spain and it helped the u.S become a world power.
    • The navy was being created as a large defense.
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    Panama Canal

    • President Roosevelt oversaw realization of a longterm us goals trans-isthmian canal.
    • Through the 1800's, American and British leaders and businessman wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coast.
    • International trade influenced the political situation in order to build the canal.

  • Roosevelt Corollary

    Was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine
    Said the US had the right to exercise military forces in Latin American countries to keep Europeans out
    Led the US into conflict with the Caribean and Central America
    Was an important part of American imperialism
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    Dollar Diplomacy

    • Promote american foreign policy goals.
    • Make America more money
    • Took Place in Caribbean region
    • U.S bankers loaned money to Latin American countries if they couldn't repay loans U.S Marines were sent to assure repayment by force.
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    Dollar Diplomacy

    • Was to create stability and order abroad that would best promote American commercial interests.
    • To improve financial opportunities to use private capital further US interest overseas
    • Toft administration concentrated in assisting American Businessmen in the protection of expansion of investment and trade especially in Latin America and far east if Latin american countries did not pay their debt the US gov sent marines to collect.
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    Weapons of total war, C

    Canned food - In WW1 Could be transported safely, survive trench conditions, and would not spoil. It was developed for preservation and helped feed millions of soldiers.
    Poison - Gas was used to injure and kill entrenched defenders. This chemical warfare was a major component of the first global war and first total war of the 20th century
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    Weapons of Total War, B

    • Machine guns could shoot hundreds of rounds of ammunition a minute, these machine guns were one of the main killers in the war, this is why trench warfare started.
    • Trench warfare was used for protection from the enemies, fire arms, machine guns, and they sheltered from artillery
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    Weapons of Total war, D

    Tanks - Were developed for protection from machine gun fire while in battle. Many tanks broke down before they got them to work well.
    Airplanes - Early forms were typically unarmed and used in the reconnaissance role until personal weapons were added to bomb the trenches
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    Weapons of Total war, A

    • U-Boats submarines were used by germans during ww1, they used them to sink British Cruisers along with mines, between Oct. 1916 - Jan 1917 there was a grand total of 1.4million tons of allied shipping was destroyed.
    • Mines were used during ww1 as a bomb, land mines were triggered by contact and water mines energized a battery to explode. Germany laid 43,000 mines resulting in sinking of ships, U-Boats, and killing people.

  • Sinking of the Lusitania

    Occured during the first world war, as Germany waged submarine warfare against the UK
    killed 1,193
    Contributed to the american entry into WW1

  • Sussex Pledge

    • Promise made in 1916 during WWI by Germany to the U.S prior to the latters' entry into the war.
    • The Sussex, a french cross-channel passenger ferry was tarpedoed w/o warning on March 24, 1916
    • About 50 lives were taken.

  • German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

    • Was first introduced in WWI when Germany declared the area around the British uskes a warzone, in which all merchant ships, including those from neutral countries would be attacked by the German Navy which led to the U.S into war.
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    American Expedition force

    • Nicknamed AEF
    • Consisted of the U.S army sent to Europe under the command of General John J. Pershing in 1917 to help fight in WWI
    • Total of 1.3 million soldiers arrived in France.
    • AEF fought in France alongside French and British forces against German forces in the last year of the war.
    • The men in the AEF army were nicknamed Dough boys because of the white belts they wore.

  • Espionage act

    • It was intended to prohibit interference with military operations or recruitment.
    • The penalty if convicted is 20 years of imprisonment and fines up to $10,000.
    • In 1919, The Supreme court of the United States unanimously ruled through Schenck v. United States that the act did not violate the freedom of speech of the convicted under its provisions.

  • Fourteen point plan

    • The fourteen point plan was distributed worldwide by the government writing for George creed in the american committee on public information.
    • Millions of copies of booklets and pamphlets that explained Wilson's plans were distributed to allied Nation and dropped from planes above Germany

  • Supreme Court of Schenck v. United states

    • U.S Supreme court ruled on March 3rd, 1919. Schenck responded that the Espionage Act violated the first amendment of the constitution which forbids congress from making any law abridging the freedom of speech.
    • "Clear and present danger" test to determine when a state could constitutionally limit on individuals free speech under the first Amendment.
    • The court said free speech his not protected from falsely "Shouting fire" in a crowded theater and causing panic.

  • Treaty of Versailles

    It was the Preace Treaty at the end of WW1
    It ended the state of war between Germany and the allied powers
    The surrender of German colonies of nations amndates
    but wasnt signed by the US
    The provision caused German expansion economic downfall and hyperinflation and vulnerability of the German people and led to the election of Hitler and the Facist party

  • Supreme Court of the Schenck V. U.S

    U.S. Supreme court ruled on march 3, 1919
    Schenk responded that the Espinage act violated the First Amendment of the Constitution which forbids congress from making any law abridging the freedom of speech
    "Clear and present danger" test to determine when a state could constitutionally limiton individuals free speech under the first amendment

  • League of nations

    Intergovernmenal organization as a result of the Paris of Peace
    Purpose was to maintain world peace
    Weakness lacked their own armed forces the depended on the great powers, but they were relutent to help
    The league severly weakened when several major powers, such as the U.S. and Russia, failed to join
    league proved incapable of preventing aggression by axis powers & countries started withdrawing from the league
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    Battle of Aragonne Forest

    • Also known as Maas-Argonne Offensive or The Meuse-Argonne Offensive.
    • One of the Final Allied offensives it stretched out along the Western Front and lasted 47 days.
    • The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was the largest in the United States military history, involving 1.2 million American soldiers.
    • Killed 26,277 American's which made it the largest and bloodiest operation of WWI.
    • The whole point was to weaken the German army to eventually put an end to the war.