-
Great Depression begins
o October 29, 1929 – black Tuesday
o Stock market crashed
o Stocks dropped by 75% -
Period: to
War World 2 timeline
-
Japan conquers Manchuria in northern China
Japan begins their expansion on the Pacific coast -
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
o 1932 after the election Hitler becomes chancellor
o He had all of the Nazi party behind him
o He overthrew the government and the constitution -
Roosevelt first elected president
o November 1932 elected. March 4, 1933 was finally inaugurated as the 32nd president
o Second and First new deals, Social Security act 1935
o Fire chats -
The nazis implement the "Final Solution"
- Lasted till 1945 o To make a pure German race o The Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe
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Nuremberg Laws
o September 15, 1935
o Laws that were made to take the Jews people’s rights away
o A little by little Germany's goverment took their rights away -
Hitler & Mussolini form the Rome-Berlin Axis
Italy and Germanymake an alliance
1940 become the axis with Japan -
Japan invades China
Japan continues their expansion by invading China -
Britain’s appeasement of Germany
o Germany would gain Sudetenland and Hitler wouldn’t attack or gain any more land or territories
o May 1937 -
Germany invades Austria
o 1938 most speak German
o Welcomed the unification
Germany invades Austria -
Kristallnacht
o “Night of the broken glass”
o A riot against the anti-Jews
Happened in Germany -
Germany & Soviet Union have a nonaggression pact
o August 1939
o Agreement not to attack each other -
Germany invades Poland - blitzkrieg
o September 1, 1939
o Start of WWII, 2 days later Brittan and France declared war on Germany
o Blitzkrieg – German “lighting war” tactics -
Japan joins the Axis Powers
Japan joins the axis among Italy and Germany -
Germany invades Denmark, Norway, Belgium, and France
o April 1940
o Used the Blitzkrieg technique
Germany invaded Denmark, Norway, Belgium and France to exapand all over Europe -
German air force (Luftwaffe) bombs London and other civilian targets in the Battle of Britain
o Summer and fall 1940 Germany bomb Britain with air force (Luftwaffe)
o Fought the RAF British air force. The RAF was able to hold off the Luftwaffe
o Despite the constant bombing the British did not surrender -
Lend-Lease Act
o 1941 the congress approved the Lend-lease act
o Lend-lease act- Allowed U.S to lend weapons to the Allies
Under Roosevelt rain -
Germany invades the Soviet Union
o June 1941 Hitler attack Soviet Union despite their agreement
o They inflicted heavy casualties on Soviet troops until December 1941 whe the harshest winter in decades stopped the Nazi from advancing -
Pearl Harbor
Japan attack Pearl Harbor surprise
o 2,400 Americans both civilians and service men died\
Made U.S join the war -
Tuskegee Airmen
o This was a segregated unit of African-America pilots
o Served with honor in Europe and in North Africa.
From the U.S -
Japanese-American Incarceration
o After Pearl Harbor fear executive order 9066 by Roosevelt
o Japanese-Americans were sent to camps about 11,000 men/women/children
o 2/3 of them were Nisei Japanese-Americans born in U.S -
Rosie The Riveter
o A character who symbolized women in manufacturing jobs
o 1940-1945 1940 25% women of the nation’s force 1945 more than 19 million
After the men went to war -
Bataan Death March
o March 1942
o U.S troops surrendered and then endured the Brutal Bataan Death March -
Manhattan Project
o A U.S project to make an atomic bomb
o Top-secret led by physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer
o Worked 3 year to complete project
Not Actual Data -
British forces stop the German advance at El Alamein
o In June 1942 General Erwin Rommel tanks pushed the Germans army back to El Almain
o The British stopped the Germans from advancing and Forced the German to retreat -
Battle of Midway
o June 1942 first battle ships could not see each other
o U.S victory over Japan turning point of the war -
German forces surrender at Stalingrad
o September 1942 the Germans attacked Stalingrad
o The German commander begged Hitler to retreat he refused and then Russian troops cut off German supplies most of the people died. Fighting continued through the winter.
o February 1943 the rest of the German troops surrendered -
Guadalcanal
o First U.S land victory over Japan a big one
o February 1943 U.S won -
D-Day
o June 6, 1944 the Allies attacked in 3 phase
o Phase 1 – people in parachutes. Phase 2 – Planes. Phase 3 – ships and people -
Battle of the Bulge
- December 1944 Hitler launched his final assault o German troops pushed the Allies troops back into Belgium before U.S troops regrouped and defeated them
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Yalta Conference
- February 1945 Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin attend the conference o Three agreed to have a postwar international peace-keeping organization o Made plans for end of war and the future of Europe
-
Iwo Jima
o In February 1945 U.S invaded Iwo Jima
o March 25, 1945 U.S raised the American flag over Iwo Jima
o February 23, 1945 Subachi was won by U.S -
Roosevelt dies, Truman becomes president
- Poor health after the Yalta Conference o April 1945 he dies o Vice-president becomes president and succeeded him and continued the war effort
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Formation of the United Nations
o April 25, 1945 – 50 nations met in San Francisco to discuss a new peacekeeping organizations to replace the weak and ineffective League of Nations
o June26, 1945 – all 50 nations ratified the charter creating a new international peacekeeping body known as the United Nations
o President Roosevelt had urged Americans not to turn their backs on the world again
o Unlike the League of Nations, the U.S is a member of the United Nations -
Allied forces advance on Berlin, Germany surrenders
o In late April 1945 the Russians reached Berlin
o On April 30th, 1945 Hitler committed suicide
o On May 2nd,1945 the Soviet Union army captured Berlin
o May 8, 1945 as V-E day or Victory in Europe day, The war in Europe was finally over -
Postdam Conference
o July 17 – August 2 1945
o Allies held the Postdam Conference to plan war’s end
o Put the Nazi on trial -
Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki
o August 6 1945 dropped bomb on Hiroshima
o 75,000 people died and 5 square miles of land into waste land
o August 9, 1945 second bomb was dropped killing 40,000 people -
Japanese officials sign an official letter of surrender on the U.S.S. Missouri, ending World War II
o August 14, 1945 Japan surrendered
o September 2. 1945 U.S and Japanese meat on the U.S.S Missouri in Tokyo bay
o End of WWII -
Nuremberg Trials
o November 20, 1945 – October 1, 1946
o 24 defendants, including Hitler top’s officials
o Herman Goring – creator & head of Gestapo (secret police)
o 19 found guilty, 12 sentenced to death
o People are responsible for the actions, even in wartime -
Marshall Plan
o 1948
o Congress approved Secretary of State George Marshall’s plan to help boost European economies
o The U.S gave more than $13 billion to help the nations of Europe get back on their feet.
