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Victorian Era
The Victorian period formally begins in 1837 (the year Victoria became Queen) and ends in 1901 (the year of her death). -
Publication of Oliver Twist (Periodical Form) 1837-1838
Oliver Twist is the second novel Dickens ever wrote, and it was published in installments between 1837 and 1839. Many novels at the time were published serially, meaning that each chapter was issued separately, once a month, over the space of a year or two. Most of his novels were serialized in 20 monthly installments. -
Ten Hours Act
The Factory Act of 1847, also known as the Ten Hours Act, restricted the working hours of women and children in British factories to effectively 10 hours per day. The Bill was introduced unsuccessfully several times before Parliament finally passed it in 1847. The Bill passed by a wide majority after the fall of the Peel administration, which had weakened the power of the conservatives. -
Beginning of U.S. Civil War
The American Civil War (1861 - 1865) was one of the most violent times in the History of the United States. More than 600,000 men gave their lives for their country in this war. The war had its origin in the fractious issue of slavery, and, after four years of bloody combat, the Confederacy was defeated, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring unity and guaranteeing rights to the freed slaves began. -
Les Miserables Publication
Les Misérables is a French historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the nineteenth century. The appearance of the novel was highly anticipated and advertised. More than a fourth of the novel—by one count 955 of 2,783 pages—is devoted to essays that argue a moral point or display Hugo's encyclopedic knowledge, but do not advance the plot, nor even a subplot. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was an order issued to all segments of the Executive branch of the United States by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War. It was based on the president's constitutional authority as commander in chief of the armed forces; it was not a law passed by Congress. It proclaimed all those enslaved in Confederate territory to be forever free. -
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Publication
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (commonly shortened to Alice in Wonderland) is an 1865 novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll. It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre, and its narrative course and structure, characters and imagery have been enormously influential in both popular culture and literature, especially in the fantasy genre. -
Invention of Incandescent Lamp
Thomas Edison began serious research into developing a practical incandescent lamp in 1878. Edison filed his first patent application for "Improvement In Electric Lights" on 14 October 1878. After many experiments with platinum and other metal filaments, Edison returned to a carbon filament. The first successful test was on 22 October 1879, and lasted 13.5 hours. Edison continued to improve this design and by 4 November 1879, filed for a US patent for an electric lamp. -
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Appearance
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (or, in more recent editions, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) is a novel by Mark Twain, first published in England in December 1884 and in the United States in February 1885. Commonly named among the Great American Novels, the work is among the first in major American literature to be written throughout in vernacular English, characterized by local color regionalism. -
The Wonderful World of Oz
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a children's novel written by L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W. W. Denslow. Originally published by the George M. Hill Company in Chicago on May 17, 1900, it has since been reprinted numerous times, most often under the name The Wizard of Oz.The success of the 1902 Broadway musical which Baum adapted from his original story, led to Baum's writing thirteen more Oz books. The original book has been in the public domain in the US since 1956. -
Death of Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India. Rheumatism in her legs had rendered her lame, and her eyesight was clouded by cataracts. Through early January, she felt she felt "weak and unwell". She died on Tuesday 22 January 1901 at half past six in the evening, at the age of 81.
