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55 BCE
Native tribes
in the central and eastern parts of England were conquered by the Romans -
43 BCE
Permanent Roman settlements were established
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1066
Norman Conquest
the military conquest of England by William, duke of Normandy, primarily effected by his decisive victory at the Battle of Hastings (October 14, 1066) and resulting ultimately in profound political, administrative, and social changes in the British Isles.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Norman-Conquest -
1215
Magna Carta
The Magna Carta provided the foundation for individual rights in Anglo-American jurisprudence.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magna-Carta -
1495
A period of consensus and stability followed the accession to the throne of the Tudor king Henry VII
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1536
The United Kingdom was formed by Acts of Union between England and Wales
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The steam engine was first used
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Scotland joined the United Kingdom
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Period: to
The period of the Enclosures
Landlords cleared the peasantry from the rural landscape to create fields enclosed by hedgerows and fences and began to derive profit from new, scientific methods of intensive agricultural production rather than relying the meager tithes and rents paid by peasant smallholders. This displaced large numbers of rural people, who were forced to emigrate to the overseas colonies or migrate to the new sites of industrial production. -
The British and Irish parliaments were united
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Period: to
Increased of population
The populations of Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool, and Birmingham doubled or tripled. -
British Navy
Britain had the world's largest and most powerful navy, and within twenty years steam railways and steam-powered ships designed by British engineers were carrying passengers and cargo for profit, allowing British shipping companies to dominate world trade. -
Period: to
Epidemics
Rapid industrialization caused overcrowding and disease; cholera epidemics provoked public unrest and forced the government to improve public health. -
Reform Act
It ended the political privileges of landed wealth by extending the vote to middle-class male heads of household. -
Dissolution of the Union of Great Britain and Ireland
A separatist movement led to it. Twenty-six of Ireland's thirty-two counties became the independent Irish Free State (later the Republic of Ireland), with six of the nine counties of Ulster remaining within the United Kingdom. -
Debt to the International Monetary Fund
The nation was in debt to the International Monetary Fund. The discovery of oil in the North Sea in the 1970s saved the country from bankruptcy and stimulated economic recovery.
