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Palmer Raids
A series of raids conducted in November 1919 and January 1920 during the First Red Scare by the United States Department of Justice under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson. -
US doesn't join league of nations
The Senate refuses to ratify the Versailles Treaty or authorize United States participation in the League of Nations. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment is ratified, granting women the right to vote. -
Recession Occurs
The highest marginal tax rate was 73 percent for those earning more than $1 million. Almost 70 percent of federal revenue came from income taxes. -
Harlem Renaissance Begins
A flourishing of African American art, music, literature, and poetry, centered in New York City’s Harlem neighborhood. -
Flappers Change Traditional Role
A generation of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior. -
First Radio News
The first known radio news program was broadcast by station 8MK. -
Movies Become Big
Movies provided an escape from the Depression-era realities everyone was living in. -
Different Types of Literature Emerge
In this period, impressionism appeared along with Dadaism and Expressionism. -
18th Amendment
It was passed to reduce crime and corruption, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America. -
Prohibition Works
It did socialize a significant proportion of the population in temperate habits, at least temporarily. -
German Reparations
Germany, burdened by reparations payments imposed by Treaty of Versailles, suffers hyperinflation. One American dollar is now worth 7,000 German marks. -
Recession Ends
The Revenue Act of 1924 lowered the top rate to 46 percent. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
John Scopes is arrested for teaching evolution, in violation of new state law banning the teaching of Darwin. -
Mild Recession Begins
A mild recession began in October. The corporate tax rate increased to 13.5 percent. -
Route 66
Route 66 ran from Chicago to LA and it symbolized road to opportunity. -
Stocks Prices Rise
Stock prices rose 39 percent. -
Stock Market Crash
The stock market crashes, losing $30 billion in one week. -
Hoover's ideas for Government
Hoover was an advocate of laissez-faire economics. He did not believe the federal government should fix prices, control businesses, or manipulate the value of the currency. He thought these would lead to socialism. -
Hoover cuts Taxes
Hoover cuts taxes, lowering the top rate from 25 to 24 percent. -
Black Thursday
The crash began on Oct. 24, 1929, known as "Black Thursday" when the market opened 11% lower. -
Black Monday
However, this bounce turned out to be illusory, as the following Monday, now known as the dreaded Black Monday, the market finished down 13% with the losses exacerbated by margin calls. -
Dust Bowl Occurs
The drought and erosion of the Dust Bowl affected 100,000,000 acres that centered on the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma and touched adjacent sections of New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas. -
Migration
The Dust Bowl intensified the crushing economic impacts of the Great Depression and drove many farming families on a desperate migration in search of work and better living conditions. -
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
An attempt by Franklin Roosevelt under his New Deal to provide recovery and relief from the Depression. This was the first of his major relief operations. It provided state assistance for the unemployed and their families. This program provided work for over 20 million people. FERA's main goal was alleviating household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state government. -
Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
The mission of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is to protect investors, maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation. As our nation's securities exchanges mature into global for-profit competitors, there is even greater need for sound market regulation. -
National Recovery Act (NRA)
Passed in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery. It also established a national public works program known as the Public Works Administration (PWA, not to be confused with the WPA of 1935). The National Recovery Administration (NRA) portion was widely hailed in 1933 but by 1934 business' opinion of the act had soured. By March 1934 the "NIRA was engaged chiefly in drawing up these industrial codes -
Emergency Banking Act
Emergency Banking Act Shut down of the nations banks, which allowed the government to examine all banks and allow those that were financially sound to open back up. Roosevelt wanted this done in order rebuild confidence in the nation's banking system. -
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
Purpose was to provide government subsidies to farmers to decrease crop production, getting rid of the crop surplus, therefore raising prices for crops -
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
Employed 4 million people for 15 dollars a week. Construction and repair jobs. Provided temporary employment. -
Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) Organized to utilize the nation's unemployed youth by building roads, planting trees and improving parks. -
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Employed 85 million people in construction and other jobs. Established under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act. -
Federal Securities Act (FSA)
Requires corporations to provide all information on stocks. Securities and Exchange. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC)
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) preserves and promotes public confidence in the U.S. financial system by insuring deposits in banks and thrift institutions for at least $250,000. Created by the Glass Steagall Banking Reform Act. -
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Hired people to build dams to prevent flooding and solid electricity -
Social Security Act of 1935
Social Security Act of 1935 Permanent agency designed to ensure that the older segment of society always would have enough money to survive. Old age benefits. -
National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
Congress enacted the National Labor Relations Act ("NLRA") in 1935 to protect the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses and the U.S. economy.
