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Toussaint L'Ouverture
Leader of the Haitian revolution. His military genius led to the establishment of the independent black state of Haiti, transforming an entire society of slaves into a free, self-governing people. -
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Industrial Revolution
Major changes in agriculture, mining, transportation, and technology, income and population growth, production increased. -
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Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette
King of France and Navarre first, King of French later, only king to ever be executed- found guilty of high treason, married to Marie. Marie- Archduchess of Austria, Queen of France and Navarre, convicted of treason and executed. -
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French & Indian War
War between Great Britain and France in North America, erupted into 7-years war. France gives Britain Canada and Spain Louisiana. Spain cedes Florida to GB. Resulted in Treaty of Paris. -
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Seven Years' War
Global military war. Britain and Prussia, who emerged in the ascendant, against France and Austria, resulting from commercial and colonial rivalry between Britain and France and from the conflict in Germany between Prussia and Austria -
Invention of the Spinning Jenny
Created by James Hargreaves, reduced amount of work needed to produce yarn. Ecpnomic improvement as demand was met by this innovation. -
Watt's Steam Engine
Improved and developed original idea by using cold water and increasing power of engine to push pistons, increased fuel efficiency, -
Invention of Water Frame
Created by Richard Arkwright, spinning wheel producing yarn more efficiently through use of water. -
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Napoleon
Emperor of the French- military and political leader, Napoleonic Code- civil law, Napoleonic Wars- much success. Maintained French sphere of influence. -
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American Revolution
13 colonies come together to defeat British rule, Provincial congresses established, Second Continental Congress formed to defend USA from Britain and claim independence, Declaration of Indepence marks victory(rejecting British monarchy). -
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French Revolution
French Monarchy replaced with democratic republic, social changes due to- enlightenment, rights of citizens. Became more authoritarian, militaristic and property-based. Resulted in the rise of Napoleon. -
Storming of the Bastille
Medieval fortress and prison in Paris, pivot point in French Revolution, National Assembly created to push for a French Constitution. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Fundamental document defining individual and collective rights of French Revolution, addresses neither women or slave status. -
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Haitian Revolution
It was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the Haitian republic. The mulatto descendants became the elite in Haiti after the revolution. -
Whitney's Cotton Gin
Invented by Eli Whitney, automated separation of cottonseed from short-staple cotton fiber. Led to major boom in America's cotton industry. -
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Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan
Commodore of U.S. navy ships, served in the Mexican-American war, and war of 1812. He played a leading role in the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. After Japan had closed off ports and overall cut off western influence, Perry opened Japan back up by signing the Convention of Kanagawa which agreed to all of the terms enclosed in the fillmore letters. -
Britain outlaws Slave Trade
Act of Parliament of U.K., stops slave trade in Europe. -
End of Atlantic Slave Trade
President Jefferson and Congress push for end to slave trade, prohibit ship-building for slave transportation. -
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Mexican Independence
It was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial authorities. Led by Mestizos who sought independence from Spain. -
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Congress of Vienna
European ambassador's conference, objective was to settle issues after Napoleonic Wars, French Revolution, and dissolution of Holy Roman Empire, establised boundaries. -
Waterloo
An Imperial French army under the command of Emperor Napoleon was defeated by combined armies of the Duke of Wellington and Prussia. Marked end of Napoleon's rule. -
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Brazilian Independence
Series of political events between Brazil and Portugal call for Independence, celebrated on Spetember 7. -
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Greek Independence
War waged by Greeks and Europe against Ottoman Empire, Greece wins, Establishment of Kingdom of Greece. -
Dissolution of the Janissaries
Forced disbandment of Janissary corps by Ottoman Empire under Sultan Mahmud II, ceased to be elite military unit. -
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Afrikaners' Great Trek
It was an eastward and north-eastward migration away from British control in the Cape Colony by "Boers" Trek lead to the founding of many republics. -
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Opium Wars
Fought between Great Britain and Qing Dynasty of China over conflicting viewpoints on trade and diplomatic relations. British naval forces attacked China after China closed off drug trade, Resulted in British Victory with the Treaty of Nanking- Britain gained most favored nation status and opening of Chinese ports. -
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Revolutions in Austria, Germany, Hungary, and Italy
Known as the Revolutions of 1848. It was the first a Europe-wide collapse of traditional authority. 5 factors: dissatisfaction of political leadership. demand for participation or democaracy, demands of working class, regrouping of reactionary forces. Abolition of serfdom in Austria-Hungary, end of absolute monarchy in Denmark. -
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Taiping Rebellion
Widespread Civil War in Southern China led by Heterodox Christian xiuquan, deadliest military conflicts in history, Qing prevail, fall of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, weakening of Qing. -
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Crimean War
Fought between Russian and British, French and Ottoman. Partly over holy land and religious converting, majorily over industrialization and the expansion and invading of ports. -
Invention of the Telegraph
Invented by Samuel Morse, telegraph using electric signals to communicate. Made communication much quicker and more effective. -
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Britain takes over India
Sepoy rebellion angers Britain, led to tighter control, one of the richest nations that had not been occupied, Britain Crown assumes control over region. -
Period: to
Sepy Rebellion
Started by mutiny of sepoys, erupted into rebellion, collapse of Mughal Empire, end of company rule, India taken over by British Crown. -
Emancipation of the Russian Serfs
Serfs granted full rights as free citizens, during reign of Alexander II. -
Meiji Restoration
Restored imperial rule to Japan, changes in political and social structures. -
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Imperialization of Africa
Invasion, occupation, attack and annexation of Africa by European powers, partitioned Africa.
