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Period: Jan 1, 1300 to
Ottoman Empire
one of the longest lasting empires in history. they managed to blend their pastoral nomadic roots with unnomadic empire building. the empire was founded by Osman Bey. are most recongnized for the tulers in the 15th and 16th century by the reign of Mehmed the Conquerer and Suleiman the Magnificant, expanding empire west to the medditeranean and North Africa. they created the slave aristocracy, which worked.by jacking christains and turning them into government officials or elite military soilders -
Mar 4, 1394
Prince Henry the Navigator
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Mar 4, 1394
Henry the Navigator
devoted his whole life to promoting exploration of the South Atlantic, he was also known as Prince Henry, the son of the king of Portugal. He got his name because of his accomplishments. Henry the Navigator built the foundation of the mighty Portuguese Empire. He strongly believed that Portugal can achieve greatness and become on of Europe's leading powers through exploration and conquer. A side result of the explorations and discoveries was the influx of gold, silver, species and other valued. -
Nov 19, 1453
Reign of Mehmed the Conquerer
during his reign, he laid seige to constantinople using enomrmous cannons to basg in the city walls, dragging warships over the high hill from the bosporus strait to the citys inner hatboot to avoid its sea defenses and finally penetrating the citys land walls thoufh a series of infantry assaulus. this success brought the new capital, Istanbul. -
Nov 19, 1464
Sunni Ali
He succeeded in permanently freeing Gao from the once great Mali empire and laying the basis for the Songhay empire. captured Timbuktu along with its great University of Sankore, which had thousands of students from many parts of the world. Sunni Ali eventually gained control over the entire middle Niger region. He divided the Songhai Empire into separate provinces and placed each province under the control of its own governor. -
Period: Nov 19, 1464 to
Songhai Empire
a west african empire that was ruled by the great leader, Sunni Ali. the Songhai Empire cut its land into separate provinces and placed each province under the control of its own governor. Much to his credit men could achieve high office based upon their scholarship and intellect regardless of their social position. Sunni Ali developed new methods of farming and created for Songhai a professional navy. it was a center of great education, when it fell, it was split into small kingdoms. -
Nov 18, 1487
Bartolomeu Dias
He sailed farther south than previous explorers and became the first European to round the Cape of Good Hope. King John II of Portugal appointed him in 1487, to head an expedition to sail around the southern tip of Africa in the hope of finding a trade route to India. -
Aug 23, 1492
Columbus's First Voyage
this voyage was originally set to find a faster route to India by going west instead of around known lands. he lands on the Carribeans and finds new stuff and returns it to urope bringing new crops, goods, and people. he figured out that he discovered new lands and set out ot explore more. this caused the Columbian Exchange and eventually a major economic change between Europe and the Americas. -
Dec 31, 1492
Columbian Exchange
in 1492, after Columbus discovering the Americas and finding new raw materials as well as many new species of things, the columbian echange. it homogenized the worlds landscape, and made different regions biologically similar by trading across sea because of the demand of new undiscovered items. the Columbian Exchange brought disease which killed from around 50-90 % of the America's population. eventually led to a mass populationin Europe thorugh abundunt new foods. thanks to Columbus. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
the slave trade brought was caused by teh demand of new agriculture from he Americas to Europe. with the death of most of the Amerindians, the Portugese set up trade with African leaders/tribes to for exhanges between goods and slaves. they would then suffer through a long voyage where 15% of the slves would die and the rest would go to the Americas to process agriculture such as sugar. the effect was a huge demand for slaves and a growing economy of great proportions. -
Period: Nov 19, 1502 to
Safavid Empire
in Iran, it initially used land grants to support its all important cavalry; its population spoke several languages; it focused on land rather than sea power; and urban nobles, nomadic cheiftains and religious scholars served as internediatries between the people and the government. conflict of the Sunni and Shiite originated here. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther
teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation and deeply influenced the doctrines of Protestant and other Christian traditions. The Disputation of Doctor Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences, known as the 95 Theses, challenged the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church on the nature of penance, the authority of the pope and the usefulness of indulgences. -
Jan 1, 1519
Moctezuma II
He wa the Emporer of the Aztecs during the Spanish Conquest. he was curious of whether Hernan Cortes was either a God or not. this curiousity led eventually to the downfall of him and the Aztec empire. he controlled technochltitlan and the surrounding city-states. -
Apr 21, 1519
Spanish Conquest of Mexico
the spanish arrived at mexico during the rule of the Aztec Empire. the main advantage that the Spanish had and initially gave them the victory over Mexico was diease. killing most of the population, the Spanish captured Moctezuma and held him prisoner until his death. Hernan Cortes also conquered the Azte empire by making an alliance with enemies of the Aztecs, ehich was most of the empire itself. the conquered land helped shaped the viceroyality of New Spain. ran large agricultural operations. -
Period: Jan 1, 1520 to Jan 1, 1566
Suleiman the Magnificent
he took valuable territory from Egypt and Mesopotamia which secured routes from the westen parts of Asian trade both over land and over sea. he defeated the kingdom of Hungary. he turned the Ottamans into a great naval power. with the rule of Egypt, they basically ruled the trade of the Medditeranean and of the major port city, Venice. -
Period: Nov 19, 1526 to
Mughal Empire
The Mughal dynasty was established by able Muslim rulers who came from the present day Uzbekistan.The Mughal rule in India saw the country being united as one single unit and being administered under one single powerful ruler. During the Mughal period, art and architecture flourished and many beautiful monuments were constructed. had trouble keeping Islam and Hinduism in balance. -
Jan 1, 1540
John Calvin
John Calvin denied the thought that even human faith could merit salvation. He went further then Luther and created his own council and together practiced the simplified version without the luxuries that the Church has. he believed that you must accepted Jesus Christ as your Savior before you are saved. Then you were saved forever. This made it so that believers did not need to continue to buy forgiveness, continuing to fatten the pockets of many corrupt priest. -
Period: Jan 1, 1545 to Dec 31, 1564
Council of Trent
during the Catholic Reformation. they condemned Protestantism,attempted to correct corruption with the Catholic church, solidified the church's interpretation of the Bible, defined the relationship between faith and good works for salvation, and redefined some major church practices such as, music, iconography, relics, etc. response to the Protestant Reformation -
Nov 19, 1565
Reign of Akbar
One of the greatest Mughal emperors to have ruled India was Akbar. He was popularly known as Akbar the Great because of his ability to rule efficiently and skillfully. akbar granted land revenues to military officials in return for their service. -
Galileo Galilie
he was major contibutor to the Scientific Revolution in Europe in the late 16th and early 17th century. He invented the thermometer perfected the astronomical telescope. He also believed that Earth and other planets in our solar system revolve around the Sun. This was supported by his discovery of moons around Jupiter, and his observations of the phases of the planet Venus.
Galileo conducted experiments with pendulums, establishing the relationships. -
Tokugawa Shogunate
was shogun and a ruler of Japan. he unified Japan under one ruler and ended centuries of endemic warfare. The Shogunate lasted for a little over 200 years and brought about a lasting peace in Japan, despite horrible social inequalities. good roads and maritime transport linked the city to the castletoens on three of the four islands of Japan.he was the last of three shogunates. -
Period: to
Thirty Years War
war between Protestants and Roman Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire. was one of the most destructive conflicts in European histoury.A major consequence of the Thirty Years' War was the devastation of entire regions, denuded by the foraging armies. Famine and disease significantly decreased the population of the German statesThis limited the power of the Holy Roman Empire and decentralized German power. -
Manchu
indigenous people if manchuria. they founded the Qing Empire in 1644. they commanded the military forcem even though they were a very small portion of the population and the majority were Chinese. -
Period: to
Qing Dynasty
empire established in china by the Manchus who overthrew the Ming Empire in 1644. at various times the qing allso controoled Manchuria. Mongolia, Turkestan, and Tibet. the last Qing emperor was overthrown in 1911. the qing adopted Chinese institutions and policies. -
Period: to
Russian Empire
before the russain empire was the Keivan Rus. Trade was importanant to the early Russian Empire. their religion was christianity because of Islam's prohibition on alchohol. the mongols influenced russia by isolating them, and by choosing their next Grand Prince. ivan the great expanded moscows power. he created the 1st centralized russain state. ivan the terrible improved army, and created scret police and massacre to control the russain czars. -
John Locke
John Locke is a famous was a philosopher during the Age of Enlightenment. that defended the protection of life, liberty, and property in terms of government priorities. became in his own right a respected philosopher and political advisor thanks to the Glorious Revolution -
Period: to
Englands Glorious Revolution
Parliament limited the monarch's (ruler) power and issued the Bill of Rights in order to limit the monarch's power. specifically:no suspending of Parliament's laws no levying of taxes without a specific grant from Parliament , no interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament, no penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances. this was caused after the enlightenment. -
Peter the Great
known for his extensive reforms in an attempt to establish Russia as a great nation. He created a strong navy, reorganized his army according to Western standards, secularized schools, administered greater control over the reactionary Orthodox Church, and introduced new administrative and territorial divisions of the country.Peter acquired territory in Estonia, Latvia and Finland; and through several wars with Turkey in the south, he secured access to the Black Sea. established St. Petersburg.
