-
Period: to
The Duplessis Era
-
Period: to
Maurice Duplessis as Premier
-
Act to Promote Rural Electrification
Cause -- There was a lack of electricity Effect -- because of this act farms that had electricity could produce more products, which stimulated development in the regions Impact -- This act modernized Rural Areas and farms -
Refus Global Manifesto Published
Effect -- Many acts and movements were inspired to take power away from the catholic church! Cause -- This happened when deuplessis was the premier, and he wanted the catholic church to have more control in education and health Impact -- Because of this, it sparked the commencement of the quiet revolution -
Adoption of the Fleurdelisé (Québec’s Flag)
Cause -- In the 1940's there was a rise in support for the French Canadian identity, and Premier Maurice Deuplessis also put more autonomy Effect -- Maurice Duplessis ordered that the fleuredise be flown as a Quebec nation Impact -- This flag became the flag of quebec and strengthened quebecs autonomy. -
Asbestos Strike
Cause -- because there were poor conditions and wages for asbestos miners Effect -- because of These conditions caused the workers to strike, and it got violent, causing police to get involved Impact -- This strike inspired more social justice ideals for the quiet revolution -
Arrival of Television in Québec
Cause -- demand for entertainment and mass communication Effect -- The launch of Radio-Canada’s first television station (CBFT) in Montréal on September 6, 1952 Impact -- Strengthened Québec identity and culture -
Election of Jean Lesage’s Liberal Government – ‘It’s Time for a Change’
Cause -- widespread dissatisfaction with Maurice Duplessis’ Union Nationale government Effect -- Jean Lesage’s Liberal Party won the 1960 provincial election Impact -- beginning of the Quiet Revolution -
Period: to
The Quiet Revolution
-
Creation of the Department of Cultural Affairs
Cause -- promoted Québec’s unique French-Canadian culture Effect -- Makes Québec the first province in Canada to have a ministry dedicated to culture Impact -- Strengthened Québec’s cultural identity -
Establishment of CEGEPs and Université du Québec Network
Cause -- The Quiet Revolution emphasized modern education Effect -- Creation of CEGEPs Impact -- Increased access to higher education, reduced the influence of the Catholic Church in education -
Creation of the Ministry of Education (Parent Report Recommendations)
Cause -- The Parent Commission (1961-1963) though that Québec’s education system was outdated and overcontrolled by the Catholic Church Effect -- The Ministry of Education was created by Jean Lesage Impact -- Led to more accessible and equitable education system -
Nationalization of Electricity (Hydro-Québec Expands)
Cause -- The Quiet Revolution promoted a state control over industries Effect -- Jean Lesage expanded Hydro-Québec into a provincial crown corporation Impact -- It provided affordable electricity and boosted Québec’s economy -
Bill 16 – Married Women Gain Legal Independence
Cause -- Women wanted more legal rights and protested for gender equality Effect -- They granted the laws of married women legal rights to manage property, sign contracts, and control finance without their husband consent Impact -- More gender equality -
Passage of Bill 63 – Language Rights Debate
Cause -- francophones feared the control of englidsh language Effect -- This allowed the parents to choose whether their children would attend English or French schools Impact -- lead in Bill 101 -
Expo 67 – Showcasing Québec’s Identity to the World
Cause -- Wanted to promote canada's culture and modern identity Effect -- attracted over 50 million visitors and more than 60 countries. Impact -- It stregenthened Québec's nationalism -
Charles de Gaulle’s “Vive le Québec libre” Speech
Cause -- Québec nationalism during the Quiet Revolution Effect -- more Québec independance and angered canadain governement Impact -- Strengthened the Québec sovereignty -
October Crisis – FLQ Kidnappings & War Measures Act
Cause -- a radical separatist group wanted more of Québec’s independence by using violence Effect -- FLQ kidnapped British diplomat James Cross and Murdered Québec’s Labour Minister Pierre Laporte and then Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act Impact -- the rise of the Parti Québécois. -
James Bay Hydroelectric Project Announced
Cause -- More demand for elctricity Effect -- James Bay Hydroelectric Project which built power stations and electric dames Impact -- Improved Québec’s economy but made the indigenous move away. -
Laurendeau-Dunton Commission & Bilingualism Debate
Cause -- tension between Francophones and Anglophones in Canada Effect -- led to the Official Languages Act which made French and English as both equal languages Impact -- More French-language rights across Canada -
Introduction of Québec’s Medicare System (Health Insurance Act)
Cause -- Modernize Québec’s healthcare Effect -- All residents had access to medical care Impact -- Improved public health and strengthened Québec's autonomy. -
Period: to
Political & Social Changes
-
Adoption of Québec’s Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
Cause -- protection of individual freedoms Effect -- right to equality, protection against discrimination Impact -- Improved civil rights in Québec -
Bill 22 – French as Québec’s Official Language
Cause -- wanted to protect the French language as the official language of the province. Effect -- introduced liberal government and child immigrants must attend french language schools Impact -- Strengethend the French Language and led to bill 101 -
Superfrancofête – Cultural Affirmation in Québec
Cause -- promote Québec’s French-language culture. Effect -- Celebration of French-language culture Impact -- marked as Québec’s cultural affirmation -
Economic Downturn & The Second Oil Crisis
Cause -- Oil crises, oil price spike Effect -- The problems of high inflation, unemployment, and slow economic growth, Impact -- impacting public opinion on sovereignty -
Election of René Lévesque & The Parti Québécois
Cause -- rise of Québec sovereignty movement Effect -- The Parti Québécois won the 1976 provincial election. Impact -- Intro to Bill 101 to protect and promote the french language -
Bill 101 – The Charter of the French Language
Cause -- dominance of English in Quèbec Effect -- Made French the official language of Quebec, in public services, education, and business were also now in french Impact -- Strengthened the position of french