Unit 3 part 2

Grand Canal restarted

581 BCE

The Grand Canal was made in 468 BC. It is between the Yangtze river and the Jiangsu province. This system was expanded in 221 BC but then started up with the Sui Dynasty in 581. They built 4 new canals and it helped transportation of items.

Beginning of Civil service exam

581 BCE

The Sui dynasty adopted this exam from the Han system. It was a way of official recruitment. Had ideas of confucianism. They kept doing this till the Quing dynasty. This was a long and excruciating test but could help in the future.

Reign of Wen

581

Wen aka Wendi was the founder of the Sui dynasty. He reorganized China after 300 years of not being stable. This was done in the southern part of China, he then took the north from the Turks. He ruled from 581-601 BC

Yang as the Emperor in Sui

604

He was the last emperor of Sui and also the 2nd. He helped complete the integration of the south. He focused on Confucianism and had the examination system. He also helped build a 2nd capital(Luoyang). This was in the east. He was murdered in 618 ending the Sui dynasty. 604-618

Reign of Gaozu Tang dynasty

618

Gaozu was the first leader of this Tang dynasty. Controlled the Eastern plain of China. He also was a competitor of being a leader of the Sui dynasty. He had a complex military. 618- 626 BC

Woodblock Printing

629

Was very important in their Tang dynasty. It helped print books faster and more efficiently. It would be a paper and it would have images and prints. These prints were used for there text.

Reign of Empress Wu Zetian

683

She was the only female monarchy of China. She ruled for the Tang dynasty from 683-704. She was very effective but also controversial for a leader.

Taoism

712

Becomes the religion of China. This happened under Xuanzong. Also known as Daoism. Emphasizes in what's natural.

Gunpowder

900

The first to use gunpowder was the Tang dynasty and the Song Dynasty. it was used for warfare. It set there military for success. It was in there arrow, bomb, flamethrowers, rockets. They used it in almost everything. Happened around the 800.

Footbinding

937

Used for young girls, it is meant to keep girls feet small. It was what their culture dreamed as beautiful.This was very painful but was permanent. Was also shown as a way of social class. Both Song and Tang used footbinding it was more popular in Song.

Emperor Taizu

960

Song dynasty founder. He was a military leader. He reunification China. He was also a statesman as well. At this time China was divided into several states, but he took power in the north and south. 960- 976.

Property in the Song dynasty

960

Poetry was very important in the Song and Tang dynasty. But for the Song dynasty this when the dynasty was having issues with culture and military. They turned to Literature and the most popular was poetry there are hundreds of poem from this time frame. Woodblock printing would help print these on paper efficient as well.

New harsh Law of codes

962

Taizu introduces new law code to Song dynasty. There were new harsh penalties. they also had much harder punishments. It was a way to control everyone. There was malpractice at this time

Tong Guan

1054

He was a general to the Song dynasty. he was a military general, political adviser. He really helped protect and served well for the dynasty. 1054-1126

Capital captured by Mongols

Mar 28, 1276

Lin'an was the capital of the Song dynasty. Mongols wanted to take charge of the Song dynasty . They then captured to Capital to helped them conquer the Dynasty and lead.

Mongols complete their conquest

Mar 18, 1279

Mongols finally completed their victory of conquesting Song Dynasty. This happened at the naval battle in Yaishan. The mongols were the Yuan dynasty and they took charge of the area after defeating them.

Hongwu

1368

1368- 1398 He rain the Ming dynasty in China. He was the founder of the Ming. He was born as a peasant. He helped seized the Yuan Capital as well.

Reconntinued the Civil service exam.

1370

The Sui started these exams from the Han. But the Ming dynasty then reintroduced them. Hongwu was the Emperor at this time as he named himself it. It was still a very long text, and still used Confutationist ideas.

Reign of Jianwen Emperor

1396

He was the second ruler of the Ming dynasty. He followed leader after the civil war. When he was ruling he magically disappeared making his uncle have to take over

Forbidden city

1407

They started to being work in a forbidden city in Beijing China. Designed by the Kuai Xiang. They built building and starting to build a city.