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Political Machines
Political machines were ran by political bosses and helped immigrants but also stole from city governments through overpricing contracts. This was from late 18th century to mid way into 20th century. -
Industrialization
This was the process in which the economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to another one based on manufacturing goods. Manual labor replaced by mechanized mass production. Craftsman replaced by assembly lines. -
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Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was a prominent reformer that tried to vote in Rochester, New York, where she was citizen and had the right under the fourteenth Amendment. A judge refused to grant her the right to vote. Later in 1874 the Supreme Court ruled that even though women were citizens they could not vote. -
Monroe Doctrine
Principal US policy, this was originated by James Monroe. Stating that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against US. -
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Andrew Carnegie
Carnegie worked himself up from being on of the poorest Scottish immigrants to one of America's richest and most powerful men. First worked when he was a boy at a cotton mill, later became a telegraph operator for a railroad. Invested in ironworks and built steel mill in Pittsburgh. Founded the Carnegie Steel Corporation in 1892. -
Manifest Destiny
During the 19th century period of the American expansion was that the United States not only was possible but that it was destined to stretch from coast to coast. Helped fuel western settlement, native american removal and as well with war with Mexico. -
Nativism
Nativists were those who were "born" or "native" to the United States. Nativists believed that people that had other races, religion, and nationalities were lower than them and especially that the new immigrants were even more lower than to the whites. Nativists feared that the immigrants especially new immigrants could not be fully absorbed into the American society because they spoke their own language and were "ghetto". They argued that immigrants would take their jobs. -
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Eugene V. Debbs
He was a labour organizer and socialist party candidate five times for the United States President, throughout the years 1900-1920. -
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Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt came from a wealthy New York family. Later throughout his life he became a Police Commissioner of New York city. He became President after President William McKinley was assassinated in Buffalo, NY. Roosevelt believed in being a man of action. He believed that the President was the official one who represented all of Americans. -
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Jane Addams
Addams was one of the progressives that started the settlement houses in slum neighborhoods. Settlement house was a all purpose community for poor people living in crowded neighborhoods. Settlement house provided nursing services, child care, and english lessons to immigrants. Jane Addams lived at the Hull house where they were helping out people. -
Homestead Act
The homestead act stated that any citizen could use 160 acres of the governments land. This Act was signed by President Lincoln. If the settler of the land improved it by making a home and growing some crops after five years from that the homesteader would own that property. -
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Ida B. Wells
Lynching was used to terrorize African Americans, especially those in the South. Lynching is murder by hanging someone. Once three of Ida B. Wells friends were lynched for a crime they did not commit, she decided to organize a national anti-lynching crusade. She researched and found that 728 African Americans had been lynched in decade before. -
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The Gilded Age
Entrepreneurs is a person or group of people that start a business in hopes of making a profit. The efficiency of large-scale productions made the entrepreneurs lower their prices of goods, this made them more affordable. Meaning more people would buy them. They got huge profit out of this for themselves, because of their rich, luxurious lifestyles, the period from 1865-1900 became known as the Glided Age. -
Populism and Progressivism
This was a founded political party by farmers, laborers, and middle class activists. They came together to protect their interests.Populists focused on economic system, and is also socially conservative. Progressivism is socially liberal. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
One of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in the US history. Prohibiting all immigrants of Chinese laborers. -
Civil Service Reform
This is a U.S. federal law. Which established that the positions within federal government should be awarded at basis of merit instead of political Affiliation. -
Haymarket Riot
Also known as the Haymarket affair, or Haymarket massacre was the aftermath of a bombing which took place at a labor demonstration. This was on a Tuesday May 4, 1886 in Haymarket square in Chicago. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act sought to hasten the Americanization, this act officially abolished the Native American tribes. They gave every family 160 acres of reservation land as own private property. Before the Dawes Act indians were still controlling around 150 acres. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was nominated for president after he delivered a speech at the convention. He was nominated by the Democratic party. Bryan's "Cross Of Gold" speech praised farmers and denounced bankers for "crucifying mankind on a cross of gold". -
Klondike Gold Rush
This happened after gold was discovered in the 19th century. Which was a frenzy of Gold Rush immigration to, as well as prospecting in Klondike, near Dawson city in Yukon Territory, Canada. -
Yellow Journalism
A journalism based on sensationalism and crude exaggeration. -
Social Gospel
This was a christian faith as a call not just for personal conversion but to social reform. -
Upton Sinclair (The jungle)
Upton Sinclair made a novel called the jungle and in this novel he described the unsanitary practices of the meat packing industry. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
The pure food and drug act regulated the preparation of different foods and as well as the sale on medicines. -
Muckrakers
(Muckrakers are tools to pick up leaves or any gross stuff). Journalists who exposed corruption and social injustices. This term coined by Theodore Roosevelt. -
Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft encouraged bankers into investing in countries that were in the Caribbean region. The use of his American investment to promote American foreign policy was known as "dollar diplomacy". The use of a country's financial power to extend the international influence. -
Federal Reserve Act
This Act changed the banking industry, they did this by establishing 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks to serve as "banker's banks". Further on this act allowed the Federal Reserve to regulate money in circulation, they did this by controlling the money that the banks could lend. -
16th Amendment
This Amendment established congress's right to impose Federal (United States government) to collect income tax from all Americans. The income tax from Americans helps Government to keep an army, build buildings, bridges, roads, enforce laws, and carry out other important duties as well. -
17th Amendment
Established the popular election of the U.S. senators by us the people of the states. -
Suffrage
Suffrage was the right to vote in political elections. Included in the movement toward more democratic government. More women served as progressive leaders. -
18th Amendment
This Amendment banned the sale and drinking of Alcohol in 1919 and became a huge fail. People still found a way to get alcohol and criminals were making a lot of money by selling this alcohol to the people. Today we call the period that the 18th amendment was the law of prohibition. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment was an extremely important Amendment to the constitution, this Amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
A secretary interior from one cabinet member leased oil-rich government lands at the Tea pot Dome, in Wyoming, to two business friends of his for exchange of personal bribes. The Tea Pot Dome Scandal was uncovered after the death of Harding in 1923, this was one of the most worst Scandals in the United States history. -
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Darrow was an attorney who defended Scopes and represented them at "Monkey Trial" on the evolution of 1925. -
Indian Removal Act
This Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson. The Indian Removal Act provided for the general resettlement of Native Americans from the east of the Mississippi River to lands west. (Indian Territory) -
Urbanization
Urbanization was a movement of people from countryside to cities. Many problems were brought because of urbanization for example crowded tenements, pollution, inability to supply police, hospitals, schools, and clean streets as well. -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
These are three powers reserve to enable to voters by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to also remove elected official from office. -
Immigration and the American Dream
Immigrants coming to America because they wanted to pursue the American Dream. Which was in search for a better life, equal rights, and to live a good happy wealthy life. America offered more opportunities than other countries and these were the opportunities immigrants wanted as well. To get a home, make money, to simply be able to care for their little ones as well. They wanted to be apart of the American Dream as well as every other human did. -
Bessemer Process
This was the process of steel-making. In which carbon, silicon and other impurities are removed from molten pig iron by oxidation.
