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Black Codes
(They weren't really formed on October 6, but I had to enter all parts of the date) The Black Codes were laws passed by the Southerners, meant to severely restrict the freedoms of African-Americans post-Civil War. The Black Codes basically reinstated slavery without the chains. -
KKK formed
The Klu Klux Klan was a racist organization fromed by Christian white supremacists, who frequently committed hate crimes against African Americans, and are still in existence today. -
Granger Movement
(I insertend an arbitrary month and day) The Granger Movement was formed by Oliver Hudson Kelley, and was comprised by a group of farmers who wanted government regulation of the railroads. Grangers were generally the victims of big businesses like railroad companies and wanted something to be done about it. -
Coal production (in the North)
(not august 16) Coal production in the late 1800's skyrocketed from 33 million tons in 1870 to more than 250 million tons in 1900. This happened because people found that coal was an effective and efficient source for many energy needs. -
Steel used in railroads
(Arbitrary day and month fro 1873) After touring a British steel mill and witnessing the Bessemer process in action, Carnegie realized that steel was much stronger material to build railroads with than wrought iron, and started going into the steel industry. -
Great Strike of 1877
Mary Harris Jones, also known as Mother Jones, supported the Great Strike of 1877 in order to draw attention to the poor working conditions of those laboring in coal mines, and later organized for the United Mine Worker's of America. She also brought attention to the grueling conditions of child labor and helped society move towards the establishment of child labor laws -
Growth of urbanization in NYC
(not really May 19, had to insert date) Challenges in urbanization of cities included housing, transit, sanitation, water, crime, and fire, and by the late 1870's well into the next century, large cities such as NYC put their efforts into reforming their cities to become more suitable for living. -
Pullman forms company town
(I had to insert an arbitrary month and date, but the year was 1886) George Pullman formed the model industrial town of Illinois that provided for almost all of its workers basic needs. Residents lived in clean buildings and had access to a lot of facilities, however they were still completely under company control and had strict rules to live by. -
American Federation of Labor
(It wasn't actually formed on Dec. 8, I think the timeline website just makes you enter a date, I knew it was founded in December, but was unsure of the date) The AFL was founded in December of 1886, and focused on collective bargaining to reach written agreements on workign conditions. The federation used strikes as a major tactic in getting what they wanted and they did actually manage to achieve a lot through their efforts. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The government believed that expanding corporations would stifle ompetition, so in response, made it illegal to form trusts that interfered with free trade between states or countires. However, the government didn't do a great job at enforcing this act and the expansion of business continued. -
Tobacco farmed in the south
(Not 1890's exactly) While the North was busy industrializing, the South still remained largely agricultural. However, near the turn of the century, the South finally caught up by spreading out into mining, tobacco, textile etc. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
General Custer's regiment rounded up about 350 Sioux Indians and forced them to surrender their weapons. Then, a shot was fired (from which side is unknown), and the American soldiers ended up slaughtering as many as 300 unarmed Native Americans -
Populist Party
(I had to insert an abitrary month and date to create the event) The Populist Party began as a result of the desire of farmers and other lesser workers to be given a stronger voice in government. They wanted a graduated income tax as well as federal loan programs, and restrictions on the working conditions. However, since most of the members of the party were not as educated, their ideas regarding monetary value of the economy were inaccurate and misguided. -
Homestead Strike
Due to the harsh conditions at Carnegie's Steel Mill, workers began to strike despite opposition. Henry Frick, Carnegie's right hand mine decided to hire guards from the Pinkerton Detective Agency to protect the plant so that it could still operate under the hands of scabs. Inevitably violence broke out, and the Pennsylvania National Guard had to come in, and the strike was ended in November, but the company had lost much of the support it previously had. -
Ellis Island
(not really Nov 20) From 1892 to 1924, Ellis Island was the chief immigration station in the US. As many as 17 million immigrants passed through the station. The process of going through the immigration station was a weary one with several interrogations and physical exams, and was not the warmest welcome to a new country. -
Pullman Stike
The Pullman Strike occurred as a result of the Pullman company laying off a huge number of workers, and cutting wages for remaining workers but refusing to decrease rent. Once a strike was called, strikebreakers were called in, and events turned violent. Most of the remaining workers were fired and blacklisted.
