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Desegregation
The abolishment of racial segregation, which happened due to the work of Civil Rights leaders such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. -
Sharecropping/Tenant Farming
Sharecropping was a system used on southern farms after the civil war in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops. While tenant farming was a system of farming in which a person rents land to farm from a planter. -
13th Amendment
Abolition of slavery: Slavery is not allowed in any state or territory under the government of the U.S.A. -
Black Codes
Laws designed by the ex-Confederate states to sharply limit the civil and economic rights of freedom and create an exploitable workforce. -
14th Amendment
Civil Rights in the States; All persons born or naturalized in the United States are subject to its laws and cannot be denied any of the rights and privileges contained in the Constitution. -
15th Amendment
Black suffrage: Citizens cannot be denied their right to vote because of their race or color because they were once slaves. -
Jim Crow Laws
State and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson is a U.S. Supreme court case in 1896 that upheld the rights. -
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was a U.S. Supreme Court justice and civil rights advocate. -
Orval Faubus
Orval Faubus was the Democratic Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was an activist of the civil rights movement and the first lady of the civil rights. -
Hector P . Garcia
Hector P . Garcia was a passionate advocate for Hispanic-American rights in the United States. -
Lester Maddox
Lester Maddox was an populist Democrat -
Lynching
Is an informal punishment enforced by a group who do not have legal authority. -
George Wallace
George Wallace was the governor of Alabama in the 60s, 70s and 80s. He was a segregationist. -
Betty Friedan
Betty Friedan broke new ground by exploring the idea of women finding personal fulfillment outside of their traditional roles. -
Cesar Chavez
Cesar Chavez was a prominent union leader and labor organizer. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a baptist minister and social activist who played a key role in the american civil rights movement. -
Sit-ins
A form of civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move. -
Stokely Carmichael
Stokely Carmichael was a civil rights activist and national chairman of the student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in 1966 and 1967. -
Emmett Till
A 14 year old boy who was murdered in Mississippi by 2 white men. His death became a catalyst for the civil rights movement. -
CORE
Created during WWII, civil rights organization which first used sit-ins to desegregate lunch counters, also organized freedom rides with SNCC. -
Brown v. Board of Education
unanimous decision overturned provisions of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision, which had allowed for “separate but equal” public facilities, including public schools in the United States. -
Little Rock Nine
First group of students to desegregate Central High in defiance of the governor. -
Civil Disobedience
A public, nonviolent, conscientious, yet political act, contrary to law, usually done with the aim of bring about change in the law policies of the government. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of the city busses. -
SCLC
Civil Rights organization devoted to achieving equality through non-violent civil disobedience. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Eisenhower passed this bill to establish a permanent commission on civil rights with investigative powers but it did guarantee a ballot for blacks. -
Affirmative Action
A policy of favoring members from a disadvantaged group who do or have suffered from discrimination within a culture. -
Freedom Riders
Thirteen African American and white civil rights activists who rode non-segregated buses. -
Ole Miss Integration
In late September 1962 after a legal battle, an African-American Man named James Meredith attempted to enroll at the University of Mississippi. -
U of Alabama Integration
Facing federalized Alabama National Guard troops, Alabama Governor George Wallace ends his blockade of the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa and allows two African American students to enroll. -
March on Washington
More than 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington, D.C., for a political rally known as the March on Washington for jobs and freedom. -
Non-violent Protest
Protests that are gone at peacefully. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Passed under the Johnson administration, this act outlawed segregation in public areas and granted the federal government power to fight black disfranchisement. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Act where discrimination against any person based on race with voting is not allowed. -
Watts Riots
1964 riots which started in an African-American ghetoo of Los Angeles and left 30 dead and 1,000 wounded. Riots lasted a week, and spurred hundreds more around the country. -
Black Panthers
Militant civil rights political party created in CA due to police brutality. -
Black Panthers
Militant civil rights political party created in CA due to police brutality. -
Title IX
This law prohibits gender discrimination by institutions of higher learning that receive federal funds.