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Emperor Wilhem II abdicates
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US became the most important industrial power in the world
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Period: to
European Crisis
The First World War caused a serious economic crisis in Europe. The US intervened with the Dawes Plan in 1924; in 1929 it was replaced with the Young Plan. -
Period: to
unofficial army of Benito Mussolini
The Blackshirts, initially formed as Squadrismo in 1919, were made up of former soldiers who fought against socialists. By the time of Mussolini's March on Rome in 1922, their numbers may have reached 200,000. They were reorganized into the Milizia in 1922, and on 1 February 1923, became the Voluntary Militia for National Security (MVSN), which lasted until the Armistice of Cassibile in September 1943.Afterward, the ISR restructured the MVSN into the National Republican Guard on 8 December 1943. -
Prohibition and rise of organised crime in the United States
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The other side of the American Way
US became known as the land of opportunity, this led to huge inmigration. This times there were several racial segregation. Laws limited the freedom of African Americans. -
The creation of two new political parties in Italy and Germany
Mussolini sets up the National Fascist Party in Italy
Adolf Hitler sets up the National Socialist Workers' Party -
The March on Rome
was an organized mass demonstration in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy. In late October 1922, Fascist Party leaders planned a march on the capital. -
The creation of two new political parties in Italy and Germany
Mussolini sets up the National Fascist Party in Italy
Adolf Hitler sets up the National Socialist Workers' Party -
King Victor Emmanuel III makes Mussolini president
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General Workers' strike in Italy
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Adolf Hitler attempts a coup d'état
(Beer Hall Putsch) -
Period: to
France occupied a German industrial region called the Ruhr valley
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Death of Lenin and creation of the USSR
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A new artistic style emerges: Surrealism
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Dawes Plan
It was a plan to help Germany pay debts to France, for France and UK pay debts to the US -
Stalin introduces his five-year plans
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Young Plan
This plan was te replacement of the Dawes Plan. (It had the same objective) -
US Great Depression
It was the start of the Great Depression with the Wall Street Crash -
Elections in Germany prevent the formation of a government
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Adolf Hitler becomes new chancellor (prime minister)
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Frank D. Roosevelt creates the New Deal
This was a set of government programmes wich focused on the three Rs: relief for the poor, recovery of the economy and refom of the banking system -
Reichstag fire
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Adolf Hitler declares a state of emergency
Hindenburg signed a decree giving Hitler emergency powers -
Period: to
The creation of the Third Reich
Both inside and outside Germany, the term “Third Reich” was often used to describe the Nazi regime in Germany -
Period: to
Night of the Long Knives
The Night of Long Knives, also known as the Röhm Putsch, was the purge of the SA leadership and other political opponents. -
Nuremberg Laws
The Nuremberg Laws were anti-Semitic and racist regulations enacted in Nazi Germany. -
Stalin introduces a new constitution
Stalin's main motivation in introducing the 1936 Constitution was to firmly consolidate his political power and legitimise his control over the Soviet Union. -
The Night of the Broken Glass
The Night of Broken Glass ( German: Novemberpogrome or, more popularly, Kristallnacht) was a series of combined lynchings and attacks in Nazi Germany and also in Austria during this night, carried out against Jewish citizens by SA Storm Troopers together with the civilian population, while the German authorities watched without intervening, making it the largest pogrom in history.