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Berlin West Africa Conference
The Conference of Berlin denied Portugal's claims, guaranteed freedom of transportation and trade, declared the Congo River basin neutral, and banned the trading of slaves. This made it possible to establish the independent Congo Free State, on which Germany, France, and Great Britain had previously reached an understanding in principle. The conference established trading rules and gave more order to trading while developing allies and international relations. -
First Sino-Japanese War
Japan became an important international force after the conflict with China over Korea. Korea was pressured by Japan to formally declare its independence and to allow international trade. China kept funding conservative officials in the royal family's area. The Li-Itō Convention was signed, avoiding the war. Marked the emergence of japan as an imperial power. -
Fashoda Crisis
Africa was the focus of territorial conflicts between France and Great Britain over colonial territories. While France planned to expand its empire over Central Africa and the Sudan, Great Britain intended to establish a railway connecting Uganda and Egypt. While Britain moved southward from Egypt up the Nile River, France sent an expedition eastward from Gabon. The goals of both nations were to increase their dominance and retake the Sudan. This was important for imperial expansion. -
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion, led by the Boxers secret society and encouraged by the government, was a bloody rebellion against foreigners that took place in 1900 in China. To stop the attacks, a number of nations dispatched soldiers. The Boxer Protocol, which was signed in 1901, put an official stop to the uprising. This event was important for international relations because it showed how far people would go to have independence -
Anglo-Japanese Treaty/Alliance
In order to defend their interests in China and Korea from Russian expansionism, the British and Japanese alliance formed. During the Russo-Japanese War, it performed well for Japan and was extended in 1905 and 1911. Japan fought alongside the Allies in World War I. It helped japan have an ally in international relations and not be seen as weak. -
Russo-Japanese War
Russia and Japan participated in battle in the Russo-Japanese War, which took place in northeastern China and the Korean peninsula, between 1904 and 1905. After storming Port Arthur, the headquarters of the Russian navy, Japan declared war on Russia. The battle shifted Asia's power dynamics and helped pave the way for World War I. The war was ended with the Portsmouth Treaty. Advisors warned Czar Nicholas that Japan would not launch a military threat against Russia. Marked emergence of Japan. -
Entente Cordiale
Before World War I, the Anglo-French settled issues, put an end to conflicts, and cleared the path for diplomatic collaboration. It involved no French commitment to Russia and no formation of an alliance. Théophile Delcassé's approach, known as the Entente Cordiale, provided France with security against German groups. This was important to open the path for international relations and trading. -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
In 1914, as inspector general of the imperial army, Franz Ferdinand traveled to Bosnia and Herzegovina with his wife, Sophie. Balkan politics and Serbia's enmity with Bosnia contributed to the unpopularity of the visit. The selected date, June 28, sparked discontent among nationalists as it was a dark day in Serbian history. His death was one of the main causes of WW1 and led the US to get involved. -
USA declares war on Germany
For trying to form an alliance with Mexico and engaging in submarine warfare, President Woodrow Wilson asked for a declaration of war against Germany. On April 4, 1917, the U.S. Senate voted to declare war, and two days later, the House followed likewise. Later, the US declared war on Austria-Hungary, an ally of Germany. Impacted international relations. -
Wilson’s 14 Points Proposed
In his January 8, 1918, speech, Woodrow Wilson listed 14 points for a post-World War I settlement. A team of 150 political and social scientists produced the reports that served as the foundation for the speech. The group published at least 1,200 maps and close to 2,000 distinct reports and documents. Marked the usa emergence and them gaining power.