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Farmers in ancient China began controlling rice. This advancement in agriculture supported population growth. This made the Yangtze river valley civilization the best in China at the time. -
City-states started to emerge in mesopotamia. cities were centers of trade, religion and government. it was one of the earliest versions of civilization with things we use today. -
Mesopotamians invented the wheel, initially for pottery and later on for transportation. This innovation revolutionized agriculture, trade and warfare. It was a turning point for humans in technological development. -
In the Indus Valley, the finding of bronze metal allowed for new uses of this metal for the people. It helped them in trade, combat and agriculture. This era marked the end of the neolithic time. -
King Narmer unified upper and lower egypt, creating the first unified state in the process. This was the beginning of the early dynastic period and it established the city of Memphis as the capital. symbolized the start of organized governance and the development of a distinct Egyptian culture. -
developed the cuneiform, first ever writing system. used to keep track of things. allowed for preservation of written records from that time. -
Mesopotamia made canals to manage the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This helped agriculture develop faster and helped the people of the city. This showed how quickly the people were adapting to their area. -
Egyptians started using a plant called papyrus as a writing material. This allowed them to communicate in a different way for them. This helped knowledge and culture spread across egypt. -
Egyptians developed a 365 day calendar based on the solar year. it was used to predict flooding of the Nile. This innovation showcased their knowledge of time understanding. -
The Old Kingdom is properly represented by the building of pyramids. It was ruled by Pharaohs and was the origin for administration under one being. This time period laid the foundation of current Egyptian culture. -
Pharaoh Khufu was an advocate for the construction of the Great Pyramid. It symbolized comprehension for communication and construction for their time. It served as a tomb for Pharaohs and their riches. -
This was a major city in the Indus Valley. it had modern day amenities, such as grid patterned streets and drainage systems. This city highlighted the engineering skills of the Indus Valley Civilization -
Sargon of Akkad united many Mesopotamian city-states to create the world's first empire. This was the first time a single being controlled a vast territory. The Akkadian Empire facilitated trade and cultural exchange across the region. -
Ziggurats were massive temple complexes. They served as religious centers and were believed to connect earth to the heavens. These showcased the architectural advancements and religious devotion of Mesopotamian societies. -
The Xia Dynasty, often regarded as the first Chinese dynasty, was established by the yellow river. it is associated with early state formation and Flood control. This marked the start of hierarchical societies. -
Climate change, over usage of natural resources and potentially even invasions led to the downfall of the Indus Valley civilization. Cities like Mohenjo-Daro were abandoned. This marked the end of one of the earliest urbanized civilizations in the world. -
King Hammurabi of Babylon made one of the earliest law codes of all time. It was written on a stele and had a main focal point of justice. It was believed by many that Hammurabi got these laws straight from conversations with the gods, which made many believe it. -
Iron tools began being used over bronze ones. This switch improved agricultural efficiency and military capabilities. It helped reshape ancient societies. -
The Shang Dynasty in China mastered bronze casting for tools, weapons and ceremonial vessels. This innovation reflected the power of China back then. It also marked technological advancement in eastern Asia. -
The Assyrian Empire in Mesopotamia, known for its military strength and administrative efficiency. It started advanced siege techniques and established a centralized bureaucracy. It marked the height of imperial expansion in the ancient Near East.