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U.S./ Virgina History
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Jamestown
Jamestown was the first permanant English settlement in North America. It was created by the Viginia Company of London. -
House of Burgesses
First elected assembly in the New World -
Start of Slavery
Africans that had no rights , considered property of their owners -
Mayflower Compact
Document where they agreed to obey laws created for generl good. -
French and Indian War
The French and Indians vs. English and colonist. Fought over land west of the Appalachian Mountains and in Canada. England won. -
Treaty of Paris
England gained the land west of the Appalchians and in Canada from France. -
Proclamation of 1763
England prohibited colonist from settling west of the Appalachians -
Stamp Act
Placed tax on legal documents. -
Boston Massacre
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Boston Tea Party
Colonist boarded tea ships in Boston. They threw tea into the water -
1st Contintntal Congress
meeting of representatives from all 13 colonies exceot georgia to discuss a statement of colonial rights -
Lexington and Concord
british troops attacked a colonial weapons stockpile, minutemen assembled -
2nd Continental Congress
13 colonies created the Continental Army -
Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas jefferson, America finally seperated from England -
Articles of Confederation
American political leaders adopted a weak national government at the end of the Revoluntionary War -
Critical Period
Time period during which u.s. was under Articles of Confederation -
Victory of Yorktown
Americans and French surrounded Cornwallis and blockaded the Chesapeke bay. Britain surrendered. -
Land Ordinance of 1785
established a plan for surveying western land -
Annapolis Convention
Called to settle disputes among states over commerce; decided to hold another meeting to revise the Articles of Confederation -
Constitutional Convention
Held by George Washington and James Madison. They discussed the Virgina and New Jersey Plan and the Key Compromises. -
The Great Compromise
Created 2-house congress: Senate and House of Represenatatives -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
provided process for creation and admission of new states -
Shays Rebellion
debt-ridden farmers in Massachusetts rebel due to high taxes -
3/5ths Compromise
slaves counted as 3/5ths of a person when determining a state's representation in House of Reps. -
Washington's Presidency
The first president of the united states. -
Judiciary Act of 1789
Set up the court system -
Bill of Rights signed
The first 10 amendments. Signed by James Madison -
Cotton Gin
Made cotton growing very profitable -
Adam's Presidency
John Adams, federalist beat Thomas Jefferson -
Jefferson's Presidency
first peaceful transfer of a power from party to another -
Gabe Prosser Revolt
A slave led a revolt in Richmond -
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson bought land from the French, doubled the size of america -
Marbury vs. Madison
Marshall declared a law unconstituional, established the power of judicial review -
War of 1812
British interference with American ships -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Marshall upheld the federal gov'ts right to establish a bank -
Susan B. Anthony
strong leader of the womens rights movement -
Age of the Common Man
Time when democracy in the U.S expanded and more people got involved in the electoral process -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
the court overturned a steamboat monopoly -
Missouri Compromise
Divided LA pURCHASE AT 36, 30; North- Free, South- slave -
Monroe Doctrine
Warned Europe about future colonization in Americas -
Jackson's Presidency
More of the common man voted for Jackson. He created policies, the Spoils System, Indian Removal, The Nullification Crisis, and The Bank War -
Nat Turner Revolt
Led band of 80 slaves against 4 plantations. He was caught and hanged. -
Battle of the Alamo
Old mission house where texas fortified themselves and fought the mexicans -
Battle of San Jacinto
Texas won their independence which was led ny Sam Houston -
U.S. annexes Texas
U.S annexed Texas -
Mexican War
James Polk urged the war, America won easily -
CA Gold Rush
gold was first discovered -
Indian Removal Act
Forced all indians east of the mississippi river to move indian territory which is present day Oklahoma -
Reservation System
Indians were forced off their land onto smaller and smaller reservations -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Book by Harriet Beecher Stowe which potrayed the evil's of slavery -
Dred Scott Case
a slave named Dred Scot sued for freedom after being taken into free territory by his owner -
Election of 1860
The main issue of slavery; Abraham Lincoln won -
Battle of Sumter
First Battle of the Civil War -
Emanicpation Proclamation
Freed slaves in rebelling states -
Homestead Act
law that gave free public land in the west in 160 acre plots -
Battle of Antietam
Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation -
Battle of Vicksburg
Grant wins and cuts the confederacy in half -
Battle of Gettsyburg
Lee pushed north into Pennsylvannia; he retreated -
Gettsyburg Address
Short speechbby Lincoln dedicating cemetry -
13th Amendment
abolish slavery -
Appomattox Court House
Lee surrendered and urged southerners to accept surrender and unote as Americans -
Lincoln's Assassination
By John Wilkes Booth shortly after the war -
Reconstruction
restoring southern states back to the union -
Reconstruction Act of 1867
put south under military occupation -
14th Amendment
prohibited states from denying equal rights to any americans; gave citizenship to blacks -
Knights of Labor
Founder was Uriah Stevens -
15th Amendment
gave voting rights to african americans -
Old Immigrants
immigrants from the northern and western part of europe -
Jim Crow Laws
established seperate facilities for blacks and whites -
Election of 1876
Rutherford B. Hayes vs. Samuel J. Tilden -
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
banned entry of almost all chinese -
American Federation of Labor
founder Samuel Gompers used collective bargaining and craft unions -
Haymarket square
protest in chicago where a bomb went off and 8 strikers were convicted -
Dawes Act
Americanized indians -
assimilation policy
plan under which indians would be forced to adopt american culture -
sherman anti-trust act
prevented any business structure that restrained trade, wanted to outlaw trusts -
Homestead Strike
Carnegie steel plant that was a major gun battle -
American Railway Union
Railroad workers, skilled, and unskilled workers founded by Eugene V. Debs -
Pullman Strike
pullman railroad workers started a nation wide rail road strike -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
said seperate but equal did not violate the 14th amendment -
Spanish American War
Cubans rebelled against Spanish rule. Americans had strategic interest in Cuba -
Treaty of Paris
US annexed Puerto Rico, Guam, and Phillipines -
New immigrants
southern and eastern europeans -
Progressive Movement
early 20th century reform movement -
Open Door Policy
Gave all nations equal trading rights in Cuba -
Boxer Rebellion
Chinese "Boxers" remove foreign influences; it failed -
Platt Amendment
US asserted the right to intervene in Cuban affairs -
Roosevelt Corollary
TR added on to the Monroe Doctrine to remind Europe ti not interfere -
Great Migration
period when african americans moved from the rural south to the northern cities -
16th amendment
created federal income taxes -
17th amendment
voterw elect senators instead of state legislatures -
WWI
A war erupted in Europe: Allies- Britain, France, Russia. Central powers- Germany and Austria Hungry -
Panama Canal
Panama was encouraged to break away from Columbia. Panama gave the US rights to build a canal -
Federal Trade Commission Act
investigates business practices -
Clayton Anti-trust Act
outlaws price fixing -
US enters WWI
US enters because of German submarine warfare, Zimmerman Telegraph, and they had close ties to GB -
14 points
Wilsons peace plan during WWI -
18th Amendment
Banned alcohol in the united states -
19th amenedment
gave women the right to vote -
Treaty of Versailles
Punishment of Germany -
Harlem Renaissance
Explosion of black intellectual and cultural life -
Immigration Restriction Act
put a quota of how many immigrants couod come from each country -
Scpoes Trail
A TN teacher was trailed for teaching evolution -
Hoover
Called for more individual effort and against direct gov't aid to the needy -
Black Tuesday
The stock market crashed -
Great Depression
The stock market crash signald the beginning of the Great Depression -
Dust Bowl
Horrible draught in the Great Plains -
FDR
He rallied a frightened nation and said "we have nothing to fear but fear itself" -
FDIC
insures bank deposites and regulates banks -
New Deal
FDR'S program to deal with the Depression -
Wagner Act
protected workers rights to form unions and engage in collective bargaining -
Social Security Act
provides safeguards for workers: disability and unemployment compensation, and old age pension -
CIO
New union -
Fair Labor Standards Act
set maximum work hours and minimum wages -
Non-Agression Pact
Stalin and Hitler agree not attack each other -
War in Europe begins
Germany invaded Poland from the west, Soviet Union from east -
Selective Service Act WW2
Drafted 10 million men into the military -
Germany invades Russia
Germany turned on Russia and invaded them -
Pearl Harbor
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, Amercian naval base that killed thousands -
US declares war
Congress de lares war at FDR's request -
Battle of Midway
US navy beat a larger Japanese force, ended the threat in Hawaaii -
D-Day
Normandy invasion led by Eisenhower. US faced heavy casualties -
Battle of the Bulge
German counteroffense, the Allies sooned recovered -
Korematsu v US
Supreme Court allowed internment -
Cold War
The uneasy peace after WWII, marked by a rivalry between the US and Soviets -
Division of Germany
western=us, eastern=soveits -
V-E Day
Allies from the wesr and Soveit Union from the east overran germany -
Hiroshima A-Bomb
Japanese citis where Truman used an atomic bomb against -
Nagasaki A-Bomb
Japanese city that US used an atomic bomb against -
Nuremburg Trials
postwar trsils of Nazis for war crims in the Holocaust -
Marshall Plan
massive us financial aid to help rebuild europes economics -
Berlin Airlift
soviets blockaded west berlin -
NATO
alliance among the US and Western European countries -
Communist takeover in China
increased fear of communist worl domination led by Mao Zedong -
Eisenhower
was in presidency during the cold war that involved: Arms Race, Hydrogen Bomb, and Massive Retaliation -
Julius and Ethel Rosenburg
gave atomic secrets to the soviets -
Korean War
divided korea -
Warsaw Pact
aliance among Soviets and East European countries -
Sputnik
Soviets launched it into space which began the Space Race -
Vietnam War
North Vietnam tried to install a communist gov't in South Vietnam by force -
JFK
said "ask why not.." us would pat any price -
U2 Incident
Francis Gary Powers was shot down while spying over the Soviets -
Berlin Wall
between east and west berlin -
Cuban Missle Crisis
soviets stationed nuclear missiles in cuba -
JFK Assassination
in dallas by lee harvey oswald -
Nixon in China
was exploiting the rift between China and the Soviets -
End of vietnam War
Vietnamization had failed and troops went home
