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U.S peace advocates
Isolationism, n the wake of World War I, U.S. officials and private citizens made significant efforts to guarantee that the nation would not be drawn into another war, peace advocates Nicholas Murray Butler and James T. Shotwell were part of this movement. -
the five-power treaty
internatism; the five power treaty signed by the united sates , great britian , jpan , france and italy was the connerstpone of the navel disarmnet program. it called for each of the countries involved to maintian a set ratio of warship tonnage. regared as a suscces. there was some convercty over exprsaion. while the U.S britan and japan allready had many bases in the pacifc but outtlawed theri exsprison futer. -
the four-power treaty
internatisnm,in the four power treaty the united states , france britan and japan agreed to consult with each other in the event of a furtre crisis in east asia befor taking action. this treaty replaced the anglo-japanese treaty of 1902, which had been a sorce of some concerns of the united states. -
the nine-power treaty
internatism,which marked the internationalization of the U.S. Open Door Policy in China. The treaty promised that each of the signatories—the United States, Britain, Japan, France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal and China—would respect the territorial integrity of China. The treaty recognized Japanese dominance in Manchuria but otherwise affirmed the importance of equal opportunity for all nations doing business in the country. -
U.S loans to allied powers
istlationism, it was determined to secure repayment of the more than $10 billion it had loaned to the Allies over the course of the war. Time and again, Washington rejected calls to cancel these debts in the name of the common wartime cause; its efforts to link reparations to inter-allied war debts. In 1922, London made this link explicit in the Balfour Note, which stated that it would seek reparations and wartime debt repayments from its European allies equal to its debt to the United States. -
the dawes plan
istionlaism,the committee presented its proposal in April 1924. Under the Dawes Plan, Germany's annual reparation payments would be reduced, increasing over time as its economy improved; the full amount to be paid, however, was left undetermined. Economic policy making in Berlin would be reorganized under foreign supervision and a new currency, -
french involvement
internationalism, France faced continuing insecurity from its German neighbor and sought alliances to shore up its defenses. Briand published an open letter in April of 1927 containing the proposal. Though the suggestion had the enthusiastic support of some members of the American peace movement, U.S. President Calvin Coolidge and Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg were less eager than Briand to enter into a bilateral arrangement. -
inital arms limits
interntism, This meant that while the United States and Great Britain remained on par with each other in the size of their navies, Japan was held to a navy 60 percent as large. France and Italy were restricted to navies 35 percent the size of the British and American forces. In 1927 these powers to meet again to discuss extending the agreement of other classes of vessels not included in the original treaty, such as cruisers, destroyers, and submarines. France and Italy declined the invitation. -
geneva conferance
internatism, The other three powers met in Geneva and began negotiations on the extension of naval limitations. The United States proposed that the existing 5:5:3 ratios between the three powers be extended to include auxiliary vessels; that the maximum size of cruisers remain at less than 10,000 tons with 8-inch guns; and that the total tonnage of cruisers be limited to 400,000 for the United States and Great Britain (240,000 tons for Japan). -
the young plan
internaism, proposed a plan that reduced the total amount of reparations demanded of Germany to 121 billion gold marks, almost $29 billion, payable over 58 years. Another loan would be floated in foreign markets, this one totaling $300 million. Foreign supervision of German finances would cease and the last of the occupying troops would leave German soil. The Young Plan also called for the establishment of a Bank for International Settlements, designed to facilitate the payment of reparations. -
failure to form a treaty
istiolaism, the United States passed a bill to build fifteen new cruisers and an aircraft carrier, and thereby joined the naval arms race. This led Japan and Britain to consider their own building programs, making the result of the conference a potential new arms race, rather than limitation. -
senator gerald nye
internist, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt tended to see a necessity for the United States to participate more actively in international affairs, but his ability to apply his personal outlook to foreign policy was limited by the strength of isolationist sentiment in the U.S. Congress. In 1933, President Roosevelt proposed a Congressional measure that would have granted him the right to consult with other nations to place pressure on aggressors in international conflicts.
