-
Amendment is Proposed (First Time)
In 1890, the amendment was proposed to give the district some representation in the presidential election. It was turned down right away. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -
Amendment is Proposed (Second Time)
The amendment was proposed again in 1959 by Tennessee Democratic Senator Estes Kefauver. http://constitution.laws.com/american-history/constitution/constitutional-amendments/23rd-amendment -
Amendment is Amended (Numero Uno)
The amendment was changed twice while on the floor getting reviewed. One of the changes was to give electoral votes to the district. It was proposed by Kenneth Keating. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Twenty-third-Amendment -
Amendment is Amended (Numero Dos)
The amendment had another change regarding poll tax and property qualifications presented by Spessard Holland. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -
Amendment is Sent through the Senate
Spessard Holland's proposal was set aside for a couple days while another change was made. The House Judiciary Committee raised their voices about their opinions on the presidential electors from the District of Columbia. Their ideas were adopted by voice vote and no amendment was needed. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -
Amendment is Passed Through the Senate
Then the change the Judiciary Committee was added back into the original along with the proposal from Spessard Holland. Another voice vote was called and passed. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Twenty-third-Amendment -
Amendment Needs Ratified
The amendment needed to be approved by 3/4 of the states to become part of the constitution. This was not very hard because it got the support of President Eisenhower, Vice President Richard Nixon, and Senator John F. Kennedy. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -
Amendment Shot Down by Arkansas
The amendment was rejected by Arkansas on January 24, 1961. There were nine states that took no action: Florida, Kentucky, Mississippi, Georgia, South Carolina, Louisiana, Texas, North Carolina, and Virginia. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Twenty-third-Amendment -
Amendment Approved by Iowa
Iowa was the 33rd state to ratify the amendment. It was approved on March 16, 1961. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-third_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution -
Amendment Added to the Constitution
Number 38 was Ohio and the amendment had enough votes. Two states subsequently ratified it: New Hampshire and Alabama. After that the district started to vote for the president and it was heavily democratic. http://totallyhistory.com/23rd-amendment-to-the-constitution/
