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One of the most versatile and interesting composers of the 20th century
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Hungarian ethnomusicalogist
created the movable 'do' system -
Prominent non-tonal composer.
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First African American composer
Woks were performed by the leading symphony orchestra and had his own major symphony orchestra
used folk idioms, jazz and spirituals -
Successfully fused jazz and pop music, worked on broadway and in hollywood
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Mexican composer extremely important to mexican culture
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Most popular American composer of the 20th century
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Developed 43 not scale
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Armenian composer. One of the pillars of the Russian school of composers
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First developed Musique concrete using a tape recorder
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Aleatoric and indeterminate composer. Lectured over the topic in 1958 at Darmstadt and 1961 in Brussels. Defined indeterminacy in music as the pieces ability to be performed in substantially different ways.
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Influential composer in maximized expressionism
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Composition style which focused on elements other than pitch.
Percussion ensembles greatly benefited from this style and came up to a new status -
Indeterminate composer who used probability theories to compose pieces
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One of the most influential composers to use textural music and sound blocks in heir works.
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Indeterminate composer who used symbols instead of traditional notation
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Indeterminate composer who used symbols instead of traditional notation
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Indeterminate composer who focused on the indeterminate process of composing
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Influential composer in maximized expressionism
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One of the most influential composers to use textural music and sound blocks in heir works.
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The technique of taking recorded sounds and manipulating them into music by stretching, splicing, etc.
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Compositional Technique where one or more elements is left to chance so that the performance is never the same twice.
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Music also based on chance but one of 3 more specific types:
-The ability to be performed in substantially different way
-The element of chance in the process of composition
-Using symbols to suggest musical elements apposed to directly notating them. -
Electronic music developed in Germany after Stockhausen worked in Schaeffer's studio in 1952. Precursor for most modern music that has any technology or electronic sounds.
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Ultimate fulfillment of complete complexity following maximalism and expressionism
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Music that functions alongside non-tonal music. Broad sonic chunks called sound masses, which could function contrapuntally but are not constructed of melodies harmonies or ryhythms.
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Electronic music studio in Cologne, Germany which made Cologne the leading city in electronic music
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Repetitive music which emerged in the 1960s and came to fruition in the 1980s. Based on the notion that small units of musical material can be repeated with only slight variation over long periods of time. Opposite of maximized expressionalism,
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Music that appeals to audiences who are hoping for music that they can understand and embrace. Dissonances are more prevalent than in the 19th century but still holds most romantic elements of melody, harmony and texture
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Uniting many past elements of music into a new eclectic style
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Closely related to totalism. Often abstract, dissonant, microtonal and relies on extreme contrast
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Music developed as a response to minimalism. Complexity is the number one goal
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The impact of technology on music's expanse of audience. Everything is available to every one in real time
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Current society values the extreme