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One person in four is killed by TB in Europe and America.
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Attempts to treat
TB is treated in sanatoria, with a strict regimen of bed-rest, fresh air at all times – patients are even moved outside in their beds in all weathers – a healthy diet and a gradual increase in activity levels. -
Discovery
Robert Koch, a Gernan physician and scientist, presented his discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis on the evening of March 24, 1882. -
Discovery of X-Rays
Discovery of X-Ray use aided in tuberculosisidentification -
Theobald Smith
Theobald Smith discovered the differentiation of bovine and human tubercle bacilli. -
Skin Tests
Development of the tuberculin skin test by Von Pirquet and Mantoux. (1907-1908) -
Koch Dies
Koch dies, leaving the medical world with a Nobel Prize and a better understanding of tuberculosis. -
The Housing Act
The Housing Act is enacted in the UK, leading to slum clearance and a gradual improvement of living standards as new housing stock is built. Household overcrowding and transmission of TB is reduced. -
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG),
The first human trials of the vaccine Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated version of Mycobaterium bovis (Bovine TB), are launched. -
Calmette and Guerin
Calmette and Geurin developed an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, which many countries throughout the world have used as a vaccine. -
Wade Hampton Frost
The epidemiologic work of Wade Hampton Frost led to a better understandinf of the epidemiology of tuberculosis. -
Seibert
Preparation of purified protein derivative (PPD) of tuberculin by Seibert in 1931. -
Bovine TB in the UK
The Tuberculin Testing and Attested Herd Scheme, and increasing consumption of pasteurised milk, helps to prevent animal to human transmission of Bovine TB in the UK. -
Streptomycin
Doctors Schatz, Bugie and Waksman announced the discovery of a drug called ‘Streptomycin‘ and that the first patient had been successfully treated with the drug. -
Streptomycin
Streptomycin is available. -
Para-amniosalicylic acid
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Isoniazid
Doctors Robizek and Selikoff at Seaview Hospital, New York, use a new drug called ‘Isoniazid‘ to treat TB patients. -
First Outbreak of drug-resistant TB in the US.
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TB on the Rise
Around 1985, cases of TB began to rise in the United States. Several interrelated forces drove the resurgence, including increasaes in prison populations, homelessness, injection drug use, crowded housing, and increases in popularions in long-term care facilities. Along with increased immigration of people from counries where TB is endemic. Adding the most fuel to the fire, were the HIV/AIDS epidemic and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB). http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding -
Global Emergency
TB kills between 2 and 3 million people each year and is the leading cause of death among young adults and a major cause of death among women of childbearing ago and the leading cause of death among young adults. So great was the concern about the worldwide epidemic of TB that in 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared TB a global emergency, the first time the disease had ever achieved that dubious distinction. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding/history/pages -
WHO
WHO begins promoting a new TB control strategy: Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS).
DOTS features five components:
Government commitment. Case detected by microscopy. Standardised treatment. A regular drug supply. Standardised recording and reporting. The frist outbreak of muti-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) is recorded in a London hospital HIV Unit. -
Global Leaders Fourm on TB
The Global Leaders Fourm on TB focuses attention on the link between TB and HIV and the need for enhanced action on co-infection. .The UK Coalition to Stop TB launches with TB Alert as a founding member. The coalition is formed of UK-based organisations and individuals that share a commitment to fighting TB in the UK and overseas. -
DFID's new position paper.
DFID's new position paper on tackling HIV, Towards Zero Infections, identifies TB as the leading cause of death fro peoplel living with HIV and outlines steps on how the government seeks to tackle TB-HIV co-infection. -
HIV Deaths
DFID‘s new position paper on tackling HIV, Towards Zero Infections, identifies TB as the leading cause of death for people living with HIV and outlines steps on how the UK Government seeks to tackle TB-HIV co-infection. -
Effective treatmenr regiments og 9 months' duration are now available
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Rifamapin is available
