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Package Holidays
Vladimir Raitz organized the first package vacation as we know it in 1949, flying 32 passengers to Corsica for £32.50 each. However, few people could afford package vacations, which gained massive popularity in the 1970s when people realized they could hire someone to plan their vacation. Nowadays, practically all tour operators provide package vacations since they are very popular and affordable. -
Concorde
The first supersonic passenger-carrying commercial airplane. It made its first transatlantic flight crossing on September 23, 1973 and its first ever scheduled supersonic passenger inaugurated flight. However, due to the aircrafts loud noise and operating expense limited its service. Also, do to its Air France Concorde crash that caused a more of a decline in the need of the Concorde. -
High speed trains
The first high speed train network was built in France in the 1970's called the 'Train a Grande Vitesse' network. It was firstly made to connect France together but it expanded to link up with other countries such as England and Germany. High speed trains have made a big impact as it is now easier to travel. -
The Transport Act
The Transport Act of 1980 ended licensing regulations for coaches and tours over 30 miles, this led to competitions between public travel companies and private travel companies. This Act enabled travel companies to be able to travel anywhere instead of a 30 miles limit. Therefore, creating more tour operators within the UK. -
Launch of RyanAir
Ryanair is one of the world's leading low-cost airlines. They're able to offer a 'no frills' service for people who are looking to travel on a budget. They were set up by the Ryan family running just daily routes on their 15 seater Bandeirante aircraft operating to Waterford to London Gatwick. By 1988-1989 Ryanair had popularised by other 592,000 passengers flying with them compared to 5000 when they just started. -
Deregulation of EU Air Travel
Before the deregulation UK Airlines weren’t allowed to have an airport base anywhere else within the EU and they could only travel from the UK and back. EU airlines could establish their bases all around the EU. This eventually led to the development of low-cost airlines. -
Invention of the internet
Tim Berners-Lee, he invented the internet. By the invention of internet it has provided a massive increase of travel and tourism because 74% of traveler’s plan there trips online, browse where to go and booking the holidays. -
Channel Tunnel opened
This is one of the biggest engineering projects undertaken within the UK. Making it the longest undersea tunnel in the world. 4.5 million UK tourists use the Channel Tunnel every year, with loads of trade generating €140 billion per year to the UK and European economies. This connects road travel to and from the UK to Europe. -
EasyJet launched
Founded by Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou to offer customers low-fare flights within Europe. At first they had just 2 routes which consisted of from Luton to Glasgow and Luton to Edinburgh. Ever since EasyJet is one of the world’s leading low-cost airlines. -
9/11 Attack
This attack took place on the 11th of September in New York City, this changed the world of travel drastically. There was a decline in travel that year that went from 6.8 million travellers in 2000 to 5.7 million in 2001. Since this attack more money has to be spent to secure airports and airplanes. Also, within airports new technology had to be developed to prevent this by advancing screening methods and background checks, so that people are travelling safe. -
Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
In 2004, Thailand was struck with a tsunami which cause disasters around the whole country. Then a 9.1 magnitude earthquake hit for a 900-mile stretch which killed more than 100,000 people. The tsunami killed thousands of people. Then the tsunami stopped on the coast of South Africa which led to 230,000 people dying that day. -
First Super Plane
The Airbus A380 was firstly used by Singapore Airlines to Sydney. This had a huge impact on the way we travel as it is the biggest airplane in the world that can seat up to 800 passengers. Super planes are more frequently used and have been developed even further to hold more passengers and faster planes to get to destinations quicker. -
Global Recession
Between 2007-2009, the world went into a financial crisis. Therefore, meaning holidaymakers has to deal with tight budget and the markets crashed globally. This also decreased the number of outbound travel. -
icelandic ash cloud
Volcanic eruptions in Eyjafjallajokul, iceland caused an ash cloud which created havoc on air travel within Europe. The ash cloud lasted a total of 14 months. The ash cloud caused the largest air traffic shutdown since World-War II. This caused over 107,000 flights being cancelled. Millions of passengers stranded across the world. -
Brexit
The election within the UK that decided whether the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, which they did. This eventually caused the visitor numbers to fall by 5.3%. Also, it made air travel more expensive, need for visas, longer passport queues and reduced health benefits. -
Covid-19
This had a detrimental impact on the travel and tourism industry all over the world. Multiple countries were put into lockdown such as the UK being in lockdown for 6 months which also affected normal every day things. Such as, shopping, exercise and work. Airports also closed and flights were cancelled. In the UK alone the “monthly air passenger arrivals to the UK fell from 6,804,900 in February 2020 to 112,300 in April 2020, a fall of 98.3%” -
Bibliography 2
https://www.britannica.com/technology/Concorde
https://www.britannica.com/technology/high-speed-rail
https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN01534/SN01534.pdf
https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/40-year-ryanair-history/amp
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0969699797000033
https://home.web.cern.ch/science/computing/birth-web
https://www.eurostar.com/uk-en/travel-info/eurostar-experience/the-channel-tunnel -
Bibliography 1
https://www.itv.com/news/2021-03-22/watch-spectacular-drone-footage-of-long-dormant-iceland-volcano-erupting https://www.fool.com/investing/2021/11/26/why-airline-stocks-are-tumbling-today/
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/france/articles/channel-tunnel-facts/ https://centmagazine.co.uk/the-great-british-package-holiday/#:~:text=It%20was%20in%20the%201970s,a%20new%20era%20of%20travel. -
Bibliography 3
https://corporate.easyjet.com/about/our-journey/default.aspx
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230100060_7
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami
https://www.businessinsider.com/airbus-a380-superjumbo-history-boeing-747-emirates-2017-11
https://www.tourwriter.com/covid-19-pt1/#:~:text=The%20Global%20Financial%20Crisis&text=Understandably%2C%20tourism%20was%20one%20of,lines%20falling%20up%20to%2074%25. -