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The most important taifas were Sevilla, Toledo, Badajoz and Zaragoza.
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Ramiro I became the first king of Aragón. He inherit the kingdom from Sancho III -
married to a Princess of León, the Kingdom of Castilla was linked to the Kingdom of León.
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It was ruled by the kings of Aragón between 1076 and 1134.
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Alfonso VI, King of Castilla and León, took Toledo in 1085.
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In 1118, Alfonso I of Aragón and Navarra conquered Zaragoza, occupied part of the Ebro valley and reached the Sistema Ibérico mountain range.
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In 1137, the marriage of Ramón Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, and Petronila, the young Queen of Aragón, led to the union between the Catalan counties and Aragón (forming the Crown of Aragón).
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Established as a kingdom in 1143.
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The borders of the Kingdom of Portugal extended to the banks of the Tajo after the conquest of the city of Lisbon in 1147.
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Christians’s victory in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212). -
Aragón lost nearly all its land in the Midi after the defeat by the French in the battle of Muret (1213), en la que murió Pedro II.
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The definitive union of Castilla and León came with Fernando III in 1230.
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Navarra turned to France In 1234, a French dynasty occupied the throne of Navarra
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Aragón conquest Islas Baleares in 1235.
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Castilla and León conquest Córdoba in 1236
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Castilla and León conquest Murcia in 1243
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Aragón conquest Valencia in 1245
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Castilla and León conquest Sevilla in 1248
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Portugal reached the southern coasts of the peninsula in 1249 with the conquest of Faro.
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The Crown of Aragón launched an expansion campaign in the Mediterranean to defend its commercial interests.
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The 14th and 15th centuries were marked by conflicts between Christian kingdoms and civil wars caused by rivalry between the nobility and the monarchy.
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In the Crown of Aragón, King Martín died without an heir in 1410.
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In 1412 took place Compromise of Caspe. Representatives of institutions from every state in the Crown were convened to choose a new king.
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The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada lasted until 1492.
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The Crown of Castilla began the exploration of the Canary Islands and incorporated territories in the area of the Gibraltar Strait.