-
Period: 570 to 632
BEGINNING OF ISLAM
Mecca -
Period: 632 to 661
RASHIDUN CALIPHATE
Syria, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Palestine, North Africa & Persia -
Period: 661 to 750
UMAYYAD CALIPHATE
North Africa, Turkestan & The Indus Valley Iberian Peninsula -
Period: 750 to 1258
ABBASID CALIPHATE
Sicily and Crete, Capital in Baghdad & Baghdad