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Bolshevik Takeover
Armed squads of Red Guards, factory workers, and sailors, from the Russian fleet, attacked the Provisional Government and took over Moscow. They ended private ownership of land, gave workers the control of factories and mines, and created a new flag that symbolized union between peasant and workers. -
Russian Civil War Begins
The Russian Civil War was fought between the Reds (Communist) and the Whites (citizens loyal to the Czar). Many groups opposed Lenin’s Bolsheviks, which created the war. -
Mussolini Creates Fascist Party
Mussolini's new right-wing organization advocated Italian nationalism, had black shirts for uniforms, and launched a program of terrorism and intimidation against its leftist opponents. Mussolini found the National Fascist Party which by the end of the year had 300,000 members. -
Hitler Joins NSDAP
Hitler became the leader of the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, otherwise known as the NSDAP or Nazi party, in 1920. He later brought men from his army to join this party. -
New Economic Policy (NEP)
This New Economic Policy was adopted by Lenin that helped keep the Government in control over the large industries, such as banks and foreign trade. However, this Policy did allow for small business to reopen for private profit. -
March on Rome
The 1922 March on Rome was to establish Mussolini and the Fascist Party he led, as the most important political party in Italy. -
Beer Hall "Putsch"
Hitler entered beer halls with hopes to take over Bavaria. He would take the government officials captive. The officials escaped and arrested Hitler. -
Lenin's Death
On January 21, 1924 Lenin died. Lenin's death created a struggle for power between Stalin and Trotsky. -
Mein Kampf
While Hitler was imprisoned he wrote a book called Mein Kampf, It would later become the bible for the Nazi's. The Mein Kampf meant "my struggle" and detailed his Anti-semitism and imperialistic agenda. -
Collectivization of Agriculture
All peasants were forced to work together on large farms that were owned by a group of peasants. The peasants oppesed to this and acted violently to the farm animals. The peasants only grew enough to feed themselves, so the government took all the grain away from them, leading to starvation. -
Creation of 5 Year Plans
Stalin's way of modernizing the Industrial power of the Soviet Union was to create a 5 year program. The plan was made to build heavy industry, improve transportation, and increase farm output. To do this, the Soviet Union developed a Command Economy which meant the government owned all businesses. -
Invasion of Manchuria
Japan, being in a bad economy and over populated, decided to invade Manchuria and by the end of 1931, Japan had complete control of the providence. -
Nazi wins majority in election
After only recieving 2.6% of the national votes just four years earlier, the Nazi Party became the largest in Germany with 37.3% of the national vote. This was because Hitler's nationalistic messages and the worldwide economic depression made people desperate, turing to Hitler and the Nazis -
Hitler becomes Chancellor
Hitler had promised to create order in the streets of Germany and to end the economic crises in Germany. On January 30, 1933 Hitler was elected Chancellor. -
Invasion of Ethiopia
Mussolini successfully annexed Ethiopia into Italy’s new colony of East Africa. -
Re- Militarizes Rhineland
German military forces entered the Rhineland, which violated the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. -
Great Purges
The Great Purge was Stalin's way of cracking down on people who he suspected may resent him. Stalin staged a series of public trials in Moscow and sent convicts to labor camps in Siberia known as Kulags. About 4 million people were exiled and 800,000 were killed. In 1939, when the Great Purge ended, Stalin had complete control over the Soviet government and the Communist Party. -
Creation of Berlin- Rome- Tokyo Axis
Germany, Italy, and Japan agreed to fight Soviet communism and not to interfere with one another's plan for expansion. This agreement cleared the way for these anti-democratic, aggressor powers to take even a bigger step to bring other nations under their control. -
Rape of Nanjing
This was when Japanese armies invading much of Eastern China, raping and killing China's women. -
Anschluss (Annexation of Austria)
While Hitler began to expand Germany's population, he ordered a union with Austria (Anschluss) to make them a providence of Germany. -
Capture of Sudentenland
Nazi annexation of Czechoslovakia's northern and western border regions became known as Sudentenland -
Munich Conference
Hitler wanted to take the "Sudetenland" region of Czechslovakia and make the territory a part of Germany. He claimed that the German speaking inhabitants of this land were being mistreated by the Czech govt. At the Munich Conf. Hitler met with representatives of the heads of state from France, the United Kingdom, and Italy. An agreement was reached that Hitler could annex the Sudetenland. -
Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
Hitler and Stalin signed a non-agression pact that agreed them, Germany and the Soviet Union, not to attack the other. They also divided up Poland and other parts of Eastern Europe between them.
