- 
  
  Dominant political machine of NY
 Boss Tweed became its boss
- 
  
  Architect, envisioned large public parks as a way to bring rural beauty to the modern city, to create a psychological sense of freedom, to provide moral uplift to urban life
 In the 1850s, helped design NY's Central Park, first major public park of the US
- 
  
  Head of Tweed Ring in NY
 Most famous of bosses in political machines
 Boss of Tammany Hall
 Milked NYC out of millions of dollars
 Arrested in 1871 and convicted of 104 counts of fraud and bribery
- 
  
  Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens
 Gave an American style to realism in fiction
 First major American author born west of the MS
 Drew on his river pilor experiences and a newspaper reporter in MS Valley experiences
 Most famous book- Huck Finn criticized America's social order
- 
  
  Ambitious publisher
 acquired New York World in 1883
- 
  
  Acquired by Pulitzer in 1883
 Had stories about fashion and etiquette and advice on attaining beauty
 Expanded coverage to "advice letters" in 1883
- 
  
  Ambitious publisher
 Purchased San Francisco Call in 1887
- 
  
  Wrote the Octopus
 Influenced by Social Darwinism
 Viewed life as a relentless struggle in which powerful social forces determined an individual's fate
- 
  
  Viewed life as a relentless struggle in which powerful social forces determined an individual's fate
 Wrote Sister Carrie
 Influenced by Social Darwinism
- 
  
  Influenced by Social Darwinism
 Viewed life as a relenteless struggle in which powerful social forces determined an individual's fate
- 
  
  Written by Anthony Comstock, who founded the NY Society for the Suppression of Vice
 Banned from the mails any matter "designed to incite lust"
- 
  
  Protestant middle-class women worked through this Union to organize a national crusade against alcohol
- 
  
  Created by magazine illustrator Dana Gibson
 Popular icon of the new woman
 Self-sufficient, relished her freedom, played tennis, swung gold clubs, rode bikes
- 
  
  Traces downward journey of an innocent country girl who becomes a prostitute after she is corrupted by urban pleasures
 Written by Theofore Drieser
- 
  
  Written by Frank Norris
 About a predatory railroad that destroyed wheat growers in the nation's heartland
