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5200 BCE
The Sto:lo People in B.C.
The Sto:lo people lived alongside the Fraser River. The picture to the side is the upper Fraser River. As you can see, they had many recources to use and make them a sustainable community. -
Nov 5, 1534
Jacques Cartier
He was born in 1491. An apprentice to Giovanni da Verrazzano; and went on unofficial explorations by the king of France. Ten years later, Francis I asked him to undertake the official exploration of North America! 1534 was his official exploration and route scout of North America. Later on, he was the founder of Quebec City and the Fort at the tip of the frozen river. -
Samuel de Champlain
He was born in 1570. At a very young age he was in love with the sea. At the age of twenty, he made his first voyage to Spain, the West Indies, and South America. In his later years, he went on a quest for an overland route across America to the Pacific, and onwards. After exploring, in 1608 de Champlain founded Quebec creating the first European settlement in Canada. 1609 Champlain supported the Algonquins against the Iroquois at Lake Champlain. -
The Jesuits
The Jesuits were a group of extreme Roman Catholics who converted Indigenous people to Catholicism. They were the people who created the Residential Schools and brainwashed First Nations kids to forget their culture, and who they really are. -
The Huron Nation Cut in Half
The Huron Nation was reduced by half because of smallpox brought by the Europeans. It was significant because a lot of their culture was lost when it could have been a strong Nation that would have kept fighting to keep tradition alive. -
The Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht ended at Queen Anne's War, this confirmed British possession of Hudson Bay, Newfoundland and Acadia. Although, France still had possession of some land and started building Fort Louisbourg near the eastern tip of l'Ile-Royale. -
Quebec Act
Québec Act, includes British criminal law but also keeps French civil law; this Act guarantees religious freedom for Roman Catholics. The Quebec Act also considers Quebec as one of the founding nations, and the reason why Canada is bilingual. -
Captain James Cook
On his the last of three voyages to the west coast, Captain James Cook travels as far north and claims Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island for the British Empire. -
Upper and Lower Canada
In 1791 Québec started filling with English-speaking Loyalists; because of this, they created the Constitutional Act of 179. This Act divided Québec into Upper and Lower Canada; you can see this with the “Upper” and “Lower” St Lawrence/Ottawa Rivers. -
War of 1812
The war of 1812 was a war that was declared by the U.S. on Britain. Canada, as well as the First Nations were involved in the battle of the territories. After the war, treaties were signed and land was claimed. It is still a controversial topic of who "won" the war; I beleive Britain won in the long run. The group who lost substantialy were the First Nations later on in history. -
Britain Claims Vancouver Island
When Britain claimed Vancouver Island, they discovered gold. Because gold was discovered on Vancouver Island, Fort Victoria was created to defend the gold from the U.S. -
Ottawa is the Capital
Bytown is renamed Ottawa. In 1857, Queen Victoria names Ottawa the capital of Canada. -
Canada Becomes a Country
All of Britain's North American colonies unite to become the Country of Canada on July 1, 1867. Canada's first Prime Minister is Sir John A. Macdonald. -
Louis Riel
Canada purchased Rupert's Land from the Hudson Bay Company. Louis Riel became threatened by Canada's "purchases" of the Hudson's Bay territories. Because of this, he led the Métis by occupying Fort Garry in Winnipeg. He led his first rebellion in 1870, and many later on. His life ended by a controversial trial and death sentence, it is debated to this day. -
WWI
On August 4th, 1914 Britain declared war on Germany. Being part of the commonwealth, Canada was automatically drawn into World War One.
