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Period: Apr 21, 1491 to
TLO
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Apr 21, 1492
Period 1- Columbus and the Americas
Columbus and several other conquistadors arrive in the Western Hemisphere and improach onto Native inhabited land
Significance- Natives angered at the new settlers in their homes and this led to revolts -
Jul 21, 1492
Period 1- Columbian Exchange
The transfer of goods, crops, and diseases between both the New and Old World
Significance- led to the new cultivation of crops and smallpox disease killed off many Natives -
Apr 21, 1494
Period 1- Treaty of Tordesillas
Divided the territories of the New World and Spain got most of the Americas and Portugal was given Africa and Asia
Significance- New settlers inhabited the Native land and their culture was forced onto the Natives -
Period 1- Mercantalism
colonies are designed to help support their mother country
Signicance-all the money that colonists made in their new settlements went to their mother country in order to fund them -
Period 1- Joint stock companies
Private trading companies sold shares to investors who in turn provided them with funding
Significance- Established England as the world power -
Period 1- Jamestown
Americas first permanent English settlement
Significance- brought about a series of cultural encounters and disputes -
Period 2- Headright System
workers given 50 acres of land and in return worked on tobacco farms
Significance- workers treated unfairly and not paid money for the work they did. ended up leading the african slaves -
Period 2- House of Burgesses
the first legislative body in colonial America
Significance- created an organized group for governement and legislation for Americans -
Period 2- Indentured Servants
Individuals who were allowed into the Americas at no cost excpet for the trecherous work they had to do
Significance- in the long run, indetured servants stopped coming to the Americas because they realized how hard the work was and how harsh the treatment was -
Period 2- Halfway Covenant
changed the requirements it took to be apart of the church so that more members would come
Significance- People came to church more because now they felt like they would be accepted by the preachers and they others who were important in the church -
Period 2- Bacon's Rebellion
Rebellion by Virginia settlers against Berkeley
Significance- Natives finally spoke out for themselves and demanded their land to not be encroached on anymore and Natives ended up being attacked as a result -
Period 5- 13th Amendmant
Abolished slavery
Significane- in the long run, this did not completely get rid of slavery in the United States. This was one of the first attempts to create equality in the Americas -
Period 2- Great Awakening
religious movement that consisted of dramatized preaching and harsh sermons
Significance- church attendance began to increase. caused Americans to re-evaluate their acrtions -
Period 3- Albany Plan of Union
wanted to unite the 13 colonies for trade and military
Significance- brought the colonies together so that they would be able to make deciosions as one and not fight over things -
Period 3- French and Indian War
France and Britain fought for the control of the Ohio river Valley and Canada. Britain left in war debt which led to taxation
Significance- France lost the war and Britain won. Brought about the Treaty of Paris and caused controversy -
Period 3- Pontiac's Rebellion
Indian uprising led by an Ottawa chief who opposed the further westward expansion of British
Signifcance- not many settlers really saw this rebellion as a threat but more like an aggrevation, so they acted back and retaliated to prove their superiority -
Period 3- Stamp Act
Tax on paper products, created in order to make up for war debt
Significance- angered many Americans and caused some countries to suceed -
Period 3- Lexington and Concord
first battle of thge revolutionary war
Significance- led to revolutionary battles after tbis and set the ground for the war with the victory of America -
Period 3- Republican motherhood
Women have a special responisbilty to take care of and cultivate their children
Significance- women given a little more of an important role in the home life and they were now seen as the rolde model in the family especially for the sons in the family -
Period 4- Election of 1800
Democratic Republican party won over the Federalists. Jefferson was named the president
Significance- Democratic republicans could finally have their voices heard over the federalists -
Period 4- Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson purchased New Orleans and land east of it at the price of $10 million.
Significance- New land made the Americans happy because they had more land to their own meaning that this creates even more power for them -
Period 4- Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review
Significance- from here on, Americans did not have to only rely on the judgement of the judge, bu they also had the opportunity to hear from a larger group of people -
Period 4- Market revolution
produced by people's buying and selling of goods rather than making goods for themselves
Significacne- this led to an increase in the economy and the desire for Americans to buy goods -
Period 4- Missouri Compromise
Compromise split Maine as a free state from Massachusetts to maintain balance in Senate. It prohibited slavery in Louisiana Territory north of 36°30′, excepty Missouri
Significance- created a division between those states who were in favor of slavery and those who opposed it -
Period 4- Monroe Doctrine
US foreign policy. Involved Latin American countries and said that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention.
Significance- caused less colonization of Northern territories and brought up conflict between settlers -
Period 4- Indian Removal Act
Passed by Andrew Jackson and Congress. negotiated with Indians tribes in the Southern U.S. for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands.
Significance- this led to the Trail of Tears and the Indians being completely seperated from their homeland -
Period 5- Comprosmise of 1850
Popular sovereignty in Mexican Cession, Fugitive Slave Law Abolition of slave trade in DC, California was said to be a free state,
Significance- helped to balance out the states and their beliefs on segregation -
Period 5- Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857
ruled that Dred Scott was not a citizen, Scott's residence in a free state had not made him free
Significance- angered African Americans and ignored the Constitution -
Period 5- Election of 1860
Lincoln became president.
Significance- Lincoln was finally able to voice his opinion on slavery and how he did not like it which brought about the Emancipation Proclamation -
Period 5- Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which declared slaves free in territories
Significance- gave African Americans somewhat freedom and equality in which they had been longing for a long time -
Period 5- 13th Amendment
Abolished slavery
Significance- there remained states in the south in which did not conform to this new legislation -
Period 5- Appomattox Courthouse
Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865, effectively ending the American Civil War.
Significance- the Confederatwed were treated respectfully after this and it made the two sides agree to disagree -
Period 6- Horizontal Integration
used by John D. Rockefeller. joining of competitors to create a monopoly.
Significance- led to the creation of monopolies and the cocentration of wealth in only a couple of companies leaving the others -
Period 6- Vertical Integration
combination into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing.
Significance- left everyone to rely on one speicific company for a certain product -
Period 6- Laissez Faire
allowed industry to be free of government intervention restricted government monopolies.
Significasnce- gave states more freedom to come up with their own rules and regulations -
Period 6- Social Darwinism
stated that the rich were rich and the poor were poor due to natural selection in society.
Significance- continued the belief of racial heirarchy and white supremancy among American in the Americas -
Period 6- Great Railroad Strike
A group of railroad workers on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad strike due to wage cuts.
Significance- Transportation had to be otherwise figured out because of the strike and people rebelled -
Period 6- Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Limited monopolies in the US
Significance- Monopolies shut down for the most part and big businesses mad about this because they did not have as much business -
Period 7- Spanish-American war
short war fought in Philippines, Caribbean, Battle of San Juan Hill, American victory. with the treaty of paris 1899, US gained control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines, led to debates over imperialism
Significance- created tension between the involved countries and territories -
Period 7- Open Door Policy
idea that china should be open to trade equally with all nations with no special tariffs or favoritism
Significance- The US began to recieve and trade a lot more goods and a wider variety -
Period 7- Big Stick Diplomacy
idea that the threat of force can be used strategically to advance interests, roosevelt created it
Significance- Roosevelt said you should carry a big stick and speak softly and keep an authority over it -
Period 7- Dollar Diplomacy
Used American financial resources to advance American interests in Latin America
Significance- caused the United States to be superior to other countires around the world and also made others look to the US because of the success with new policies -
Period 7- 17th amendment
Voters elect Senators
Significance- allowed voters to finally have their say in the election of senators -
Period 7- 18th amendment
Banned the selling and consumption of alcohol
Significance- bootleggers went behind the backs of the government to sell alcohol and Americans continued to buy it -
Period 7- 19th Amendment
Women got the right to vote
Significance- women began to achieve and advance in their new roles -
Period 8- HUAC
investigated Communists and other immigrants
Significance- Lead to the fear of communism and the Red Scare -
Period 8- Containment
The U.S. policy of containing the spread of communism; was the foundation of U.S. foreign policy from the late 1940s until the fall of the Soviet Union in the 1990s.
Signifance- help to prevent the domino effect -
Period 8- Truman Doctrine 1947
President Harry Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism.
Significance- Made people and countires favor the United States because of their understanding in situations dealing with communism -
Period 8- Marshall Plan
Program designed to promote the economic recovery of Western Europe with massive amounts of U.S. financial aid.
Significance- this made Europe and nations surrounding Europe support the US and to look to them for support -
Period 8- NATO
Mutual defense alliance among the nations of Western Europe and North American. Designed to contain the spread of communism.
Significance- Communist nations also joined in alliance as a result -
Period 8- Cuban Missile Crisis
secret Soviet attempt to station nuclear missiles in Cuba.
Significance- The nuclear arms race came out of this and nuclear warfare was made into a thing which was scary becauuse either side could drop a bomb at any moment -
Period 9- Roe v. Wade
legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy -
Period 9- Iran-Contra Affair
Americans kidnapped in Beirut by Iranian govt, so deal, scandal including arms sales to the Middle East in order to send money to help the Contras in Nicaragua
Significance- caused the United Statews to be cautious about the immigrants allowed into the country -
Period 9- NAFTA
free trade between North American countries
Significance- allowed for trade to be free so many goods that had once b een too expensive to trade, was now affordable -
Period 9- Al Qaeda
a network of Islamic terrorist organizations, led by Osama bin Laden
Significance- Obama after his election went out to find the leader. -
Period 9- Patriot Act
law passed by Congress which created heavy survailance on Americans
Significance- greatly expanded the power of federal law enforcement authorities to move against suspected terrorists. -
Period 9- 9/11
On September 11, 2001, extremist group al-Qaeda hijacked four airliners and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the United States.
Significance- strict security was enforced as a result of this
