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1469
Isabella & Ferdinand unify Spain
Isabella and Ferdinand were able to make spain quite powerful by uniting it. -
Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII reigns in England
Henry is known for his six marriages and his efforts to have his first marriage to Catherine of Aragon annulled. -
Period: Sep 7, 1533 to
Elizabeth I reigns England
Her reign was during the Elizabethan Age, a period when England asserted itself as a major European power -
Edict of Nantes
Granted the minority Calvinist Protestants of France, substantial rights in the nation. -
Don Quixote is published
A Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. It was originally published in two parts. -
Period: to
Thirty Years War
A series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. -
Petition of Right signed
An English constitutional document setting out specific individual protections against the state. -
Period: to
The Long Parliament
Followed the fiasco of the Short Parliament. Brought down the king’s advisors, and did many other good things. -
Period: to
Louis XIV reigns as king of France
Know as the “Sun King” he transformed France into it’s golden age. -
Peace of Westphalia is signed
This ended the thirty years war in Europe. -
Thomas Hobbes publishes “Leviathan”
Argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. -
Period: to
Charles II reigns England
He was able to guide his country through the religious unrest between Anglicans, Catholics, and dissenters that he encountered. -
Period: to
Peter the Great reigns as czar of Russia
Peter had military victories over Russia's great rivals: the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Sweden. These victories lead to territorial gains and the creation of the Russian Navy. -
Glorious Revolution
A time period when Protestant William of Orange and Queen Mary Stuart replaced Catholic James II of England as the monarchs. -
John Locke publishes “Two Treaties of Government''
A work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. -
English Bill of Rights signed
The English Bill of Rights gave Parliament power over the Monarchy. -
Daniel Dafoe publishes “Robinson Crusoe”
Robinson Crusoe is a book that really focuses on survival and having to make due on an island. -
Jonathan Swift publishes “Gulliver’s Travels”
A four part satirical work by Jonathan Swift. -
Period: to
George III reigns England
He was England's longest ruling monarch at the time. -
Period: to
Frederick II reigns Prussia
A genius military leader. -
Baron de Montesquieu publishes “The Spirit of Laws”
Comparative study of three types of government, republic, monarchy, and despotism. -
Sabastian Bach height of his career
A German composer and musician -
Denis Diderot publishes his “Encyclopedia”
It is a 28 volume reference book. -
Period: to
Seven Years War
A global conflict involving most of the European great powers, fought primarily in Europe -
Voltaire publishes “Candid”
Voltaire publishes “Candid” which is his best-known work, it is an adventure story, a picaresque novel, and a satire all in one. -
Jean Jacque Rousseau publishes “Social Contract”
A 1762 French-language book by the Genevan philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The book theorizes about how to establish legitimate authority. -
Period: to
Catherine Great reigns Russia
This 34 year reign is the longest a Women has ever reigned Russia. -
Period: to
Joseph II reigns Austria
The sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy. -
Boston Massacre
Deadly riot, started from a street brawl between American colonists and British soldiers but escalated to a bloody massacre. -
Boston Tea Party
An American political and mercantile protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston in colonial Massachussets. -
Intolerable Acts
Five punishment laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party. -
Battle of Lexington & Concord
The first major military campaign of the American Revolutionary War, resulted in American victory. -
Adam Smith publishes “Wealth of Nations”
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, generally referred to by its shortened title The Wealth of Nations. -
Declaration of Independence signed
The Declaration was a formal document that said the 13 colonies wanted to break away from England. -
Battle of Yorktown
A battle that was fought in Yorktown Virginia, and ended in a victory for the 13 colonies. -
Treaty of Paris
Was signed by the U.S. and British Representatives to end the War of the American Revolution -
US Constitution ratified
The worlds longest surviving written charter of government. Its first three words “We The People” affirms that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The Declaration of the Rights of Man gave citizens liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression. -
Tennis Court Oath
Key moment that set off the French Revolution. Men of the National Assembly swore an oath to never stop meeting until a constitution had been established. -
Storming of the Bastille
When revolutionary insurgents attempted to storm and seize control of the medieval armory, fortress and political prison known as the Bastille. -
Women’s march on Versailles
They complained over the high price and scant availability of bread, marching from Paris to Versailles. -
Declaration of the Rights of Woman
It was written by a French feminist in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man. -
Mary Wollstonecraft publishes “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman”
This was one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. In it, Wollstonecraft responds to those educational and political theorists of the eighteenth century -
National Convention Formed
It was created to replace the previous legislative bodies after the end of the monarchy. -
Committee of Public Safety created
The committee was created to defend against foreign and domestic enemies. -
Radical Phase (French Revolution)
France was made a republic, abolishing the monarchy and executing the king. -
Reign of Terror (French Revolution)
A period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place. -
Five Man Directory created
Was the governing five-member committee in France until it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte. -
Battle Austerlitz
A battle during the Napoleonic Wars. It was fought in the Austrian Empire with around 25,000 casualties. -
Napoleon Bonaparte becomes Emperor
Napoleon proclaimed himself Emperor of France. -
Battle of Trafalgar
A naval battle between British and the French/Spanish. -
Period: to
Battle of Leipzig
Also known as Battle of Nations, the coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia led by Tsar Alexander l and Karl von Schwarzenberg, defeated the Grande Armée of French Emporer Napoleon. -
Congress of Vienna
The congress of Vienna was supposed to balance the powers throughout Europe. -
Napoleon exiled to Elba
Napoleon was exiled to the Island of Elba in the Mediterranean. -
Napoleon exiled to St. Helena
Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo.