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G.I. Bill of Right
The Serviceman Readjustment Act or the G.I Bill of rights was passed to aid World War II veterans when the war was over. The Act included providing veterans with grants and tuition for college, low interest mortgages, small business loans, hiring privileges, and unemployment checks. Health care benefits and disability coverage were provided to the those who served in the war. Later these benefits became available to everyone who served in armed forces. -
The Iron Curtian
After WWII and at the start of the Cold War, the Soviet Union formed an political, military, and ideological barrier to block eastern influences from Russia and other western European territories. Britain's prime minister, Winston Church used the term in a speech to address the issue saying "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” The Iron curtain fell around 1990 when communists dropped the one-party rule in eastern Europe. -
Hollywood 9
The Hollywood 9 were screenwriters, directors,and producers accused to be affiliated with communistic organization. The Hollywood 9 publicly denounced Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). They had been placed on an movie industry blacklist and spent jail time for their alleged crimes against their country due to McCarthyism. The Hollywood black list would finally come to an end by the 1960s. -
Period: to
The Cold War
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Truman Doctrine
President Harry S. Truman proposed to congress and new American foreign policy that will protect countries from falling under the Soviet Union's communistic influence and maintaining capitalistic economies. The doctrine expanded when Greece and Turkey went under communistic threats. Truman said "it must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." The doctrine led to or became the base for NATO. -
Beat Generation
the Beat Generation or Beatniks were a counterculture group made young Americans with an anti-materialistic philosophy and embraced bettering one's inner self instead of their appearance to others. first appearing in the late 40s, beatniks' culture grew into the 60s. The culture influenced musician like Bob Dylan and Pink Floyd and poets to produce works highlighting the beats philosophy. Beatniks tended to be very left in Politics, supporting anti-war and desegregation. -
Berlin Airlift
After WWII the German capital, Berlin, was divided in a similar fashion. One of the territories were occupied by the Soviet Russia. Russia wanted to keep Berlin to themselves and closed all entry and exits out of Berlin. Doing to deprived Berlin of the resources it desperately needed. To aid Berlin in survival, American and it's allies' airplanes flew food and supplies into the city. Seeing that their efforts were futile, the Soviets eventually lifted the blockade. -
TV Shows
In the 1950s many families found it absolutely necessary to purchase a television set for the house. With television becoming a new form of media to be broadcast to the entirety of America, it became the perfect outlet for entertainment. TV replaced the radio dramas with visual performances and shows such as "The Ed Sullivan Show", "Howdy Doody", and " Mary Kay and Johnny". TV shows kept the attention of Americans for years. watching TV became the modern day family quality time. -
The Fair Deal
The Fair Deal was a series of ambitious reforms issued by President Harry S. Truman in order to better America and its citizens. He wanted to play off of the Theodore Roosevelt's New Deal policies and hopefully fulfill his ideals while implementing his own. In the creation of the Fair Deal, Truman proposed to congress the 21 Points, a series of economic and social reforms including Increased farmer's aid, revision to the tax system and Legislation to ensure full employment to american citizens. -
McCarthyism
McCarthyism is the practice of accusing people of treason or communistic support without solid evidence.The term refers to U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy and his knack for accusing politicians and movie star for being communists and aiding the Soviet Union. These calls were made during the Second Red Scare, only causing more paranoia to fall upon Americans. Those accused often had their careers ruined by McCarthy and his impulsive blaming. -
Period: to
1950s
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The Korean War: North Korea invades South Korea
Korea had been divided along the 38th parallel and occupied by Soviets in the north and Americans in the south. Tensions rose due to the Cold War and the close proximity of the two communistic and capitalistic states. With the approval of Stalin, North Korea invaded South Korea in order to win over american territory and convert them to communism as well. In order to save South Korea, President Truman sent troops to push back the North Koreans. -
Ike Turner
Ike Turner was an African American R&B Musician that began his music career in the 1940s with a band of his own called Kings of Rythm. They recorded Their song Rocket 88 at Sun Records and it was a hit that sailed their music careers. That song was known to many as the first R&B and Rock recording. In 1958, He married Anne Mae Bullock, a young singer who later became better known as Tina Turner after marriage. -
Duck and Cover
Due to America's panic over nuclear warfare, the educational video called "Duck and Cover" was released to educate civilians on the "best" way to protect yourself if a nuclear attack were to happen. It plainly suggested that tucking your body under a desk or against a wall, away from the explosion should increase you chance of survival. It also suggested finding refuge in a bomb shelter and to cover yourself with a jacket or a newspaper in order to avoid being burned by the explosion. -
Bill Haley and the Comets
Bill Haley and the Comets An American rock n roll band lead by Bill Haley. Bill Haley was a country singer at first but later made a transition to rock n roll. Bill Haley first signed with Essex Records. He begam famous off of his successful covers of Rocket 88 and Rock the Joint. Their first successful song was "Crazy Man, Crazy." One of Bill Haley and the Comets Biggest hits was "Rock Around the Clock." The band's popularity fell when other artists such as Elvis and Little Richard came along. -
Elvis
Elvis Presley was born January 8, 1935 in Tupelo Mississippi. Presley later became the one of the biggest names in the rock n' roll industry. He signed a contract with Suns Records in 1953 and began recording hit songs like "My Happiness" and "That's When Your Heartbreak Begins." Presley easily captured teenagers attention with his charming look, catchy songs and "erotic" dancing.Though he was popular among the younger crowd, parents and older people found his music not fit for younger audience. -
Period: to
Civil Rights
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Little Richard
African American musician, Little Richard, born December 5, 1932, became a Rock n Roll sensation by 1955, recording "Tutti-Frutti" with Specialty Records. His song began a top hit. After that, he produced more hit like Long Tall Sally and Send Me Some Lovin'. His flamboyant sound, outstanding piano skills, and suggestive lyrics won his fans over and put him up there in the ranks. He welp give Rock n Roll and identity just as Elvis and Jerry Lee Lewis had and inspired future artists. -
Albert Sabin
Albert Bruce Sabin is Polish American researcher known famously for producing an oral vaccination for polio. His vaccine was able to get rid of most of the effects of Polio, but it wasn't enough to completely get rid of the disease. Between 1956 and 1960, Albert Salk worked to perfect the vaccine. Sabin discovered the vaccine blocked polio in the bloodstream through the intestines. This allowed the oral vaccination to keep polio from transmitting to others and soon eliminated for good. -
Dr. Jonas Stalk
In addition to the paranoia and panic of the 1950s and years before, Polio was a disease going around taking the lives of many young children and some adults. Over a 3,000 people had died and over 21,000 were left paralyzed by the illness. Finally Dr. Jonas Stalk created a successful vaccine to fight back one of the most feared illnesses in the world. As soon as the vaccine was approved, it was shipped world wide in order to eradicate it for good. Today there is barely any signs of the disease. -
Emmett Till Tragedy
Emmett Louis Till was a 14-year-old African-American who was murdered in Mississippi by Roy Bryant and J.W. Milam. Bryant's wife claimed she was offended by Till, when he whistled at her in her family's grocery store. The brutality of his murder and the fact that his killers were not found guilty drew attention to the long history of violent persecution of African Americans in the United States. The murder of Emmett Till marked the begging of a long fight for Civil Rights. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was a Civil Rights activist best known for not giving up her seat to a white passenger after the white section was full. She was soon arrested for her no cooperating. Her decision was what triggered the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The United States Congress called her "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement" for her participation in the Civil Rights Movement. She worked with other Civil Rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Edgar Nixon. -
Orvaul Faubus
Orval Faubus was the Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967, best known for his fight against desegregation of the Little Rock School District. He wanted to keep the Little Rock 9, a small group of African Americans, out of Central High School. He called the National Guard to keep black students from going to schoo and defied the decision of the SCOTUS made in the case Brown v. Board of Education. President Eisenhower sent Army troops to dismiss the national guard and protect the Little Rock 9. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
The Civil Rights act of 1957 was passed by President Eisenhower to protect the voting rights of African Americans. White Southerns did not approve of this act. Southern legislator, in particular were opposed to the civil rights and the decision of Eisenhower. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, became the longest filibuster history as an attempt to keep the bill from becoming law. it lasted 24 hours and 18 minutes as he stalled an read documents like the Declaration of Independence. -
Sputnik
To initiate the start of the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States of America, the soviets managed to put themselves in the lead by successfully launching the world's first man-made satellite and put it in orbit around the earth. The satellite was roughly the size of a basketball and weighed 83.6 kg. This accomplishment pushed the U.S. to develop its technology, scientific research, military, and politics in order to keep up or surpass the Soviet Union. -
LSD
Lysergic acid diethylamide , or more commonly known as acid or LSD, is a psychedelic drug known for its psychological effects. Symptoms may include altered awareness of one's surroundings, perceptions, and feelings as well as sensations and images that seem real though they are not. Back in the 1960s, this drug was popular among hippies. They believed using the drug allowed them to become more spiritually connected to themselves or just simply enjoyed the high. Soon the drug was prohibited -
Feminism
In the 1960s, this was considered the second-wave of feminism. This era of feminism was more concerned with issues of equality beyond suffrage, such as ending gender discrimination, traditional gender rolls, and sexual identity. This new wave of Feminists saw women's cultural and political injustices and encourage other women to understand and explore the aspects of their personal lives and be aware of the politicized and sexist power structures of America. -
Earl Warren Supreme Court
Earl Warren was an American jurist and politician who served as the 30th Governor of California and later the 14th Chief Justice. He is best known for the decisions of the Warren Court. He prohibited segregation in public schools and transformed many areas of American law, ending prayers in school, and requiring "one man–one vote" rules of apportionment of election districts. He made the Supreme Court powerful, especially by decisions such as Brown v. Board of Education, and Miranda v. Arizona. -
Period: to
1960s
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Greensboro, North Carolina
The Greensboro sit-in was a civil rights protest, where young African-American students staged a sit-in at Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. They refused to leave until they were to be served. Many of the protesters were arrested for trespassing, disorderly conduct or disturbing the peace. Soon other students did sit ins. Their actions made an immediate and lasting impact. The attention forced Woolworth’s and other establishments to change their segregationist policies. -
Peace Corps
The Peace Corps is a volunteer program providing help to people outside the United States. At the end of World War II, members of Congress proposed bills to issue volunteer organizations for other developing countries.The work is generally related to social and economic development. President John F. Kennedy approved of these organizations. Volunteers tended to be young adults, or college students. This was a perfect opportunity for young Americans to see and have an understanding the world. -
The Naval Quarantine
During the Cuban Missile Crises, it was found out that the Soviet Union was importing nuclear weapons to Cuba. President John F Kennedy ordered a naval blockade to halt the Soviet Union in Cuban waters. The standoff lasted a total of Thirteen days until the Soviet Union ran out of resources to hold their position. The US taking action by blockade displayed the US's military readiness for a potential threat. It is said that the tension could've cause World War III if one wrong move was made. -
Birmingham March
In the spring of 1963 there was a march at Birmingham, Alabama lead by Martin Luther King. The peaceful protest became the most influential campaigns of the Civil Rights Movement. It would be the start of a series of lunch counter sit-ins, marches and boycotts on segregated businesses. In response to the peaceful demonstration, Authorities attack using high-pressure fire hoses and police dogs on men, women and children. The media produced images that showed the struggle for equality. -
"I Have a Dream" Speach
The "I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In the speech he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic equality. At the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., he delivered his speech to over 250,000 civil rights supporters. The speech was a important moment of the civil rights movement. It inspired many to keep moving forward in the fight for equality. -
Lee Harvey Oswald
Lee Harvey Oswald was the convicted assassin of John F. Kennedy. Oswald was an ex-marine and Marxist from New Orleans. From the Texas School Book Depository in Dallas, Oswald sat and waited for President Kennedy to drive by then shot him in the head. Investigations concluded that he acted alone. Oswald was arrested when he tried to escape through a movie theater.Two days later, Oswald was fatally shot in the basement of Dallas Police Headquarters by local nightclub owner Jack Ruby. -
Warren Commission
Lyndon Johnson called for a commission to investigate Kennedy’s death. Chief Justice Earl Warren led the investigations and concluded Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone in assassinating President John F. Kennedy, and that there was no conspiracy, either domestic or international, involved. The report, however, proved controversial and conspiracy theories arose due to the event. Other more recent investigations have both supported and called into question the Warren Commission’s findings. -
The Great Society
The Great Society was a set of domestic programs in the issued by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The purpose of the Great society was to eliminate poverty and racial injustice. President Johnson first used the term "Great Society" during a speech at Ohio University, then gave it more meaning over time. The Great Society included reforms to education, medical care, urban problems, rural poverty, and transportation. The program resembled the New Deal policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt. -
Freedom Summer
Freedom Summer was a 1964 voter registration drive held by civil rights organizations including the CORE and the SNCC. The Goal was to increasing black voter registration in Mississippi. The Freedom Summer workers included black and white, Mississippians or not, to volunteer for their cause. The KKK, police, & other authorities responded with multitude of violent attacks against the activists, including beatings, false arrest and the murder of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Micheal Schwerner. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
President Lyndon B. Johnson gets legislation passed for the civil rights act of 1964. Now segregation is banned from all public spaces including businesses and schools. The act also makes it illegal to hire a person based on their race, religion, sex, or ethnicity. However voting rights for African Americans were still needed in order to satisfy civil rights call for equality. -
Daisy Girl Ad
The Daisy Girl Ad. was a controversial political advertisement aired on television during the 1964 United States presidential election. President Lyndon B. Johnson aired this ad to bring to the attention of the people that voting for Barry Goldwater would bring nuclear war to America. It's considered to be an important factor in Johnson's victory and a turning point in political and advertising history. It is known to be one of the most controversial political advertisements in history. -
Hippies
Hippies are members of a counterculture, originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the 60s that eventually became worldwide. The word hippie came from hipster and used to describe beatniks who migrate to New York City and San Francisco. The term hippie became mainstream in San Francisco by a journalist named Herb Caen. Hippies inherited the Beats Generation philosophy. They made their own communities, embraces sexuality and freqeuntly used drugs to descover one's self. -
Selma March
That day 600 marchers planned to march 50 miles to Montgomery, Alabama to protest for their right to vote. Martin Luther King was also there to lead the marchers across the Edmond Pettus Bridge. The police waited for the protesters on the bridge to block them off. Upon arrival, the police demanded the marchers to go back, but the protesters held their ground and knelt in prayer. The police released gas, clubbed, and released dogs on the marchers. The media captured video to show the public. -
Anti-War Movement
An anti-war movement was a social movement of people who were against participating in the Vietnam War. In the beginning there were a small group of protesters speaking up against sending troops to Vietnam, but by 1967 there were protesters en mass. These protesters where typically younger Americans and rallied together on college campuses. Countercultural groups also voice their beliefs agaist war they instead encouraged a spirit of nonconformism, peace, and anti-establishmentarianism. -
Apollo 11
Americans earned a major victory in the Space Race when they successfully shuttled three men to the moon. This was the first time in history a feat such as this was accomplished. This was a goal set by the late president John F. Kennedy. May 25, 1961 he wanted to land a man on the moon before the next decade. In the nick of time, NASA sent Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin into orbit and eventually on the moon's surface. -
OPEC
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) controls much of the world's Oil today. Unfortunately for the 1970s, The United States was embargoed for supporting Israel. Because of this there was a shortage on gas in America, people had to travel speed limits of 55 and there were long lines for gas that had become expensive. President Nixon finally convinced the Israelis to give up some territory. That compromise ended the embargo on the United States. -
Decline in Industrial Midwest
As a part of the recession of 1974, The United States experienced a decline in steel production. Dropping down to producing only 14 percent of the worlds steel, foreign competition began to take over with new, cheaper production methods. Because of this steel mills in the Midwest began to close down. This was known to be the "Rust Belt". Manufacturing companies had to resort to relocating to the south, which would be called the "Sun Belt". There companies could find cheaper labor and have AC. -
Period: to
1970s
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NRA
The National Rifle Association was a political organization originally founded to promote gun safety. It became political when there was a need for gun control laws around the late 60s. Its label began around 1980. During the same time, it endorsed Ronald Regan for this presidential election. The National Rifle Association is still active to this day, however its questionable about its purpose is being criticized for its relevance to gun control. -
EPA
The Environmental Protection Agency is an independent agency for environmental protection. President Richard Nixon proposed the establishment of EPA. after he signed an executive order. The order establishing the EPA was ratified by committee hearings in the House and Senate. The agency is led by its Administrator, who is appointed by the President and approved by Congress. The EPA is still active to this day. The current Administrator is Scott Pruitt. -
Plumbers
The White House Plumbers, or the Plumbers, was a White House Special Investigations Unit, appointed by President Richard Nixon.Their job as plumber were to stop the leaking of classified information, such as the Pentagon Papers, to the news media. Eventually the members got into some trouble when they branched into illegal activities while working for the Committee to Re-elect the Nixon. iThey are known most famously for the Watergate break-in and the Watergate scandal. -
Watergate Scandal
A scandal when several burglars were arrested in the office of the Democratic National Committee, at the Watergate complex of buildings in Washington, D.C. The convicts were "plumbers" connected to President Richard Nixon’s reelection campaign. They were caught wiretapping phones and stealing documents. Nixon tried to cover up his scam by denying his affiliation and editing his tapes. Nixon resigned before he could be impeached. The Watergate scandal made citizens lose trust in politicians. -
Endangered Species Act
Because of The United States did a poor job at disposing of industrial waste and other by products, animals, plants, and their environment were being destroyed. Wildlife were becoming endangered. In order to handle the situation, President Richard Nixon signed the Endangered Species Act. It requires the Fish and Wildlife Service to record endangered animals and plants and have
a procedure to help save them from dying off. -
Panama Canal
A treaty was signed by President Jimmy Carter and Omar Torrijos, the leader of Panama. This issued the process of granting the Panamanians free control of the canal so long as Panama signed a treaty guaranteeing the permanent neutrality of the canal. It was thought that Panama should've had control of the canal in the first place as it was constructed in their territory, however the US had a lasting hold on the canal for controlling trade between them and Europe. -
The Moral Majority
The Moral Majority was a prominent American political organization associated with the Christian right and Republican Party. It was founded i by Baptist minister Jerry Falwell his associates, It played a key role in the mobilization of conservative Christians as a political influence and particularly in Republican presidential victories throughout the 1980s. The Moral Majority also served as a new religious movement, encouraging the people to become more engaged in the christian faith. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment is an amendment to the United States Constitution to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. It puts and end legal distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, property, employment, and other matters. The ERA was about to be ratified when Phyllis Schlafly lead women in opposition, arguing that the ERA would disadvantage housewives and cause women to be drafted. The amendment was 3 states short for ratification. -
Reagonomics
Reaganomics were the economic policies promoted by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. These policies are commonly associated with supply-side economics, referred to as trickle-down system of economics and free-market economics by political advocates. It was meant to spur the economy and create better jobs for the people. In order to do this, there was a reduction in welfare spending to massively increase defense spending. Reaganomics turned out to be a great success. -
Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra Day O'Conner was the first female court justice nominated by President Ronald Reagan. She was a moderate, though she typically sided with the conservatives of the court. Later on in office, she sides with the liberals. O'Connor Retires in 2006, after serving 24 years, when her husbands health was on a decline. -
VHS
The Video Home System is a standard for consumer-level video recording on tape cassettes. Developed by Victor Company of Japan in the early 1970s, it was released in Japan in late 1976 and in the United States in early 1977. It was largely popularized in the 1980s. this system was found paired with a television set to watch anything from movies to home videos. -
Discount Retailing
A discount store or discount shop is a retail shop which sells products at prices that are lower than the usual market prices. Discount stores differ from variety stores in that they sell many name-brand products, and because of the wide price range of the items offered. -
Period: to
1980s
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A.I.D.S. Crisis
A.I.D.S or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome began to appear during the 1980s as homosexuals become more open in society. There is no real answer as to how A.I.D.S. got to america, but it does spread through sexual interactions. It critically affected thousands the gay community. Some believed this was God's punishment on gays, but eventually, A.I.D.S spread to the rest of the american population. -
MTV
the channel originally aired music videos 24 hour a day. hosted by tv personalities called "Video jockeys" or "VJs".The original five MTV VJs were Nina Blackwood, Mark Goodman, Alan Hunter, J.J. Jackson and Martha Quinn. At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students. The music originally air a majority of rock music and had a small amount of black artists, eventually that changes given some years. -
Iran Contra Affair
The Iran–Contra affair also known as Irangate, Contragate or the Iran–Contra scandal, was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration. Administration officials secretly allowed the sale of arms to Iran. They hoped to fund the Contras in Nicaragua and also negotiating the release of several U.S. hostages. The Boland Amendment, further funding of the Contras by the government had been prohibited by Congress. -
Robert Johnson
Johnson was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for his influence on Rock n Roll. He was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician. His revolutionary recordings in 1936 and 1937 introduced his combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting talent that left a recipe on later generations of musicians. He lived to be only 27 and died in Greenwood, Mississippi due to unknown causes. Many speculate he was murdered. -
SDI or "Star Wars"
The Strategic Defense Initiative was a missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by Soviet nuclear weapons. The ideal was announced publicly by President Ronald and he called upon the scientists and engineers to develop a system that would render nuclear weapons useless. The SDI was a satellite with lasers to destroy the missiles. Reagan intended to send the same technology to the Soviets, but the research ultimately fails. Led to the soviets fall from communism. -
Challenger Explosion
the NASA Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, killing all seven crew members, which consisted of five NASA astronauts and two payload specialists. The spacecraft disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of Cape Canaveral, Florida. The disintegration of the vehicle began after a joint in its right solid rocket booster failed at liftoff. There was a gas leaks that caused the explosion. The explosion was caught on live TV, leaving american devastated. -
Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist. She is best known for her talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show and her Oprah magazine. She is called the "Queen of All Media" and was known as the richest African American of the 20th century, North America's first multi-billionaire black person, and has been ranked the greatest black philanthropist in American history. Many assessments rank her as the most influential woman in the world. -
internet
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Period: to
1990s
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Persian Gulf War
Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of Kuwait in early August 1990. Arab powers such as Saudi Arabia and Egypt called on the United States and other Western nations to intervene. Hussein did not withdraw from Kuwait when United Nations. Persian Gulf War began when U.S.-led air Operation Desert Storm. After 42 days of intense attacks, President George H.W. Bush declared a cease-fire. Most Iraqi forces in Kuwait had either surrendered or fled by then. -
Rodney King Incident
Rodney Glen King was an African-American taxi driver who became known world wide as the victim of police brutality, after a video was released of several police officers beating him during his arrest on. George Holliday, a bystander, filmed the incident from his nearby balcony and sent the recording to local news station KTLA. The footage clearly showed King being beaten harshly, and the incident was covered by news media around the world. The officers were , acquitte, causing riots to form. -
Don't Ask, Don't Tell Policy
The policy prohibited military personnel from discriminating against or harassing closeted homosexual or bisexual service members or applicants, while prohibiting openly gay, lesbian, or bisexual persons from military service. The policy prohibited people who "demonstrate a propensity or intent to engage in homosexual acts" from serving in the armed forces of the United States, because their presence supposedly create an unacceptable risk to moral and discipline in the armed forces. -
E-mails
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Ross Perot
Ross Perot ran an independent presidential campaign in 1992 and a third party campaign in 1996 in order to establish the Reform Party in the election. Both campaigns became some of the strongest presidential showings by a third party or independent candidate in U.S. history. in 1992, Perot won 18.9% of the popular vote but did not win any electoral votes. Perot ran for president again in 1996, won 8.4% of the popular vote against President Clinton and Republican nominee Bob Dole. -
DOMA
The Defense of Marriage Act was federal law that, defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. This act barred same-sex couples and denied their rights to marriage benefits. DOMA's purpose did not prevent states from recognizing same-sex marriage, but it implied constraints on the benefits received by all legally married same-sex couples. -
Lewinsky Affair
The Lewinsky Affair was a political sex scandal involving President Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky, White House intern. The two began their relationship in 1993. During that time, Lewinsky was transferred to a job at the Pentagon, where she told her coworker Linda Tripp, who was a spy, about her and the president. Tripp secretly taped their conversations. When news became public, Clinton denied the relationship. The House of Representatives impeached Clinton but he was acquitted by the Senate. -
Period: to
2000s
