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Galileo Galilei
In 1593 Galileo invented a device for raising water: a pump. Later in 1630 and at the age of 66 he noticed that there was a limit to how high water could be drawn. -
Evangelista Torricelli
Aged 35, Torricelli invented the Barometer(a device that measure's pressure in mmHg) by using a tube with a closed end, filled with mercury and placed in a shallow dish of mercury. Through this he was able to figure out that the reason why Galileo's pump could only draw water up to a certain point was because of atmospheric pressure. -
Otto von Guerick
From 1643 to 1645 and at the ages of 41-43 Otto, while working to create a vaccum, developed an air pump. The was pump was so strong that when demonstrated by removing the air from a halved copper ball, it took 16 horses to then pull it apart. -
Blaise Pascal
At the age of 25, Pascal used Torricelli's barometer and discovered that atmospheric pressure increased as he climbed a mountain and decreased as he descended it (because of the pressure changes in altitude). The SI unit of pressure (Pascal) was named after him. -
Christiaan Hyugens
At the age of 32, Hyugens invented the manometer to study the elctric forces present in gases. -
John Dalton
At the age of 45, Dalton created "Dalton's Law" which states that: "the total pressure exerted by a homogeneous mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The partial pressure of a gas is the pressure it would exert if all the other gases in the mixture were absent." -
Joseph Gay-Lussac
Aged 30, Joseph developed "Gay-Lussac's Law", which deals with te combining of volumes, through observing how onevolumed of oxygen combined with two volumed of hydrogen to then produce 2 volumes of water. -
Amadeo Avagadro
At the age of 35, Avagadro hyposthosized (In what is known as Avagadro's Hyposthesis) that the pressure inside a container is directly proportional to the number of particles in the container.
