-
Common schools
The purpose of the common school is to provide a more centralized and efficient school system one that would train and discipline the future working class and prepare them for a successful life. This movement also was an effort to fund schools in every community with public dollars and provide the same education to all children. -
Plessy v.Ferguson
The Supreme Court ruled on May 18, 1896, against an African-American man who attempted to ride in a whites-only train car in Louisiana in concluding that the Equal Protection Clause was not violated by state segregation laws.The Plessy v. Ferguson decision continued the racial segregation over the next half-century. -
The Feminization of Teaching.
The feminization of teaching was the process where school teaching in the United States became women's work.
School districts began ushering young white women into teaching in large numbers by the late 1800s. With the increase of schools nationwide, the demand for teachers was higher than ever. In order to staff the schools, communities turned to women, hence the feminization of the teaching profession. -
Brown v. the Board of Education, Topeka
Mr. Brown's 8-year-old daughter, Linda, was a Black girl attending fifth grade in the public schools in Topeka when she was denied admission into a white elementary school. The Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. It signaled the end of legalized racial segregation in the schools of the United States, overruling the "separate but equal" -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act was passed to help designed to aid low-income students and combat racial segregation in school. It also offered grants to districts serving low-income students, grants for textbooks and library books, funding for special education centers. -
Serrano v. Priest (CA, 1971)
Using property taxes as the principal source of revenue for public schools, saying the wide discrepancies in school funding because of differences in district wealth. California's public school financing system was invalid as in violation of state constitutional provisions guaranteeing equal protection. -
Title IX
It protects against discrimination based on sex (including sexual harassment).To ensure that male and female students and employees in educational settings are treated equally and fairly. The result of Title IX was a good thing because it increased the involvement of girls and women in sports at all levels. -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act
The EHA guarantees a free, appropriate public education to each child with a disability in every state and locality across the country The act also provides that the schools are required to evaluate a child's special needs, and develop an individualized education program for the child. -
Pyler v. Doe
States such as Texas could not charge tuition to undocumented children for free public K–12 education or prevent them from enrolling in public schools in districts where they resided. This had a major significance by ensuring that children living in the U.S. without legal immigration documentation could access basic education and lead more productive lives. -
No Child Left Behind Act.
This act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills. To receive funding states had to give out tests to all students at certain grade levels. As an act to try and close the achievement gap with accountability, flexibility, and choice so that no student is left behind.