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Plessy V. Ferguson
The Plessy v. Ferguson supreme court landmark was a case in which they argued that racial segregation was not unconstitutional as long as it is "separate but equal." In this case a mixed race man boarded an all whites train and got charged for it. His lawyers were arguing that it was unconstitutional and it violated the 14th amendment. They ended up ruling that "segregation did not in itself constitute unlawful segregation." (Oyez) This case affected African Americans and led to the BrownVBoard -
Brown V Board of Education
In the 1950s there were segregation laws that segregated children into different schools. A girl named Linda Brown had to travel across town to attend an African American school because she was not allowed to go to an all White school close to her home. Her father as well as some other adults filed a lawsuit against the Board of Education and they ruled the decision that "separate is not equal." This had a positive impact on making education a lot more equal for all children. -
Green V Country School Board
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Serrano V Priest (CA)
This case argued that the school system didn't provide equal education due to the funding from local taxes. The schools that are funded by lower income neighborhoods were at a disadvantage. This case came to the conclusion that the funding was significantly different across different districts. This is an important case that affects the students who are living in lower income neighborhoods and this plays part in the achievement gap. -
Title IX
President Nixon signed this law that states schools, educational agencies and institutions don't have the right to discriminate based off of sex. This law allows access to any educational opportunity and makes it so that any gender can have access to the same careers. It allows any person access to Financial aid in which they can't be denied because of their gender. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act
This act states that schools were to provide appropriate education for all children with disabilities. This act benefited children with disabilities because schools were supposed to allow students with disabilities to get the help they needed. This act was reauthorized in 1990 and mandated schools to provide individualized education programs to support the learning of these children. This made it easier for kids with disabilities to be able to learn in public schools. -
Pyler V. Doe
This Supreme court landmark dealt with a law in Texas that allows schools to not admit students who are undocumented and they had the right to withhold school funds. In this case it is seen to be a violation of the 14th amendment that states "protection extends to anyone, citizen or stranger, who is subject to the laws of the state." This case affects children who came here illegally and were being denied access to free education. -
Board of Education V Rowley
This case involved a girl named Amy Rowley who is deaf. Her parents requested a sign language interpreted for her classes and the school denied at first. They were able to clarify what FAPE means with this case. This led schools to accommodate their students based on the needs. This was one of the first cases that stated that each state has the legal responsibility to create the minimum standards for FAPE.