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Period: 17 to 18
Enlightened Absolutism
Rulers tried to govern using Enlightenment ideas while maintaining royal powers. Monarchs allowed religious toleration, freedom of speech, press and rights of private property. Believed in natural rights. Catherine the great ruled Russia, Frederick the greta ruled Prussia & Maria Theresa & Joseph II ruled Austria. -
Period: 1550 to
Scientific Revolution
Was a change in scientific thought. Scientists started questioning the bible ideas about the universe & nature. -
Period: 1550 to
Enlightenment
European social, political movement that brought the application of science, logic and reasoning as foundation of knowledge. People acquired more political freedoms. -
Glorious Revolution
William and Mary become rulers of England by accepting the bill of rights. Constitutional monarchy. Stamp act still excluded catholics. Bill of rights: 10 amendments to the Constitution of the United States. Includes freedoms that were not in the United States Constitution, freedom of speech, religion, press and free assembly. In the first 150 years didn't had impact on judicial decisions, but later, decisions by the Supreme Court in the 20th and 21st centuries were based on it. -
Period: to
Seven years war
France, Austria, and Russia vs. Great Britain and Prussia
The war arose out of the attempt of the Austrian Habsburgs to win back the rich province of Silesia.
It also involved overseas colonial struggles between Great Britain and France, two traditional rivals struggling for control of North America (the French and Indian War 1754–63) and India. -
Stamp act
CAUSE OF AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed. The money collected by the Stamp Act was to be used to help pay the costs of defending and protecting the American frontier near the Appalachian Mountains. -
Boston Tea Party
Was a direct protest by colonists in Boston against the Tea Tax that had been imposed by the British government.
-British Policies, Laws and Taxes caused the Boston Tea Party.
-Tea was to be marketed in America by special consignees (receivers of shipments) who were to be selected by the East India Company.
-Three ships, carrying 342 chests of tea, arrived in Boston Harbor on December 16, 1773 and were docked at Griffin’s Wharf. -
Period: to
1st and 2nd continental congress
First- Colonial leaders approved a plan to arm and train a militia.
-Send a declaration of rights to king George II.
-Delegates made the colonies refuse trade with England until British tax & trade regulations were repealed.
Second- George Washington was chosen to led the army.
-Congress sent a Olive Branch Petition (resolve the crisis) to King George II, he ignored it and declared the Americans to be in rebellion. -
American Revolution
• Causes of American Revolution
• Seven years Wars
• Stamp Act
• Ideas of Enlightenment
- The insurrection fought between 1775 and 1783 through which 13 of Great Britain’s North American colonies threw off British rule to establish the sovereign United States of America, founded with the Declaration of Independence in 1776. -
Period: to
USA declaration of Independence & Treaty of Paris
•The Declaration of Independence
-On July 4, 1776, the colonies declare independence from Britain.
-Based on the ideas of Enlightenment philosophers, Thomas Jefferson writes the Declaration of Independence
• France became the key American ally
• Spanish and Dutch enter the war
• The British surrendered to American and French forces in 1781, ending the war.
• The Treaty of Paris of 1783 recognized American independence.